我国转型期社会性报复问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 00:10

本文选题：转型期　切入点：风险社会　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：以实施改革开放政策为标志,我国于1978年进入了转型期。坚持改革开放的大方向毫无疑问是正确的,它促进了我国社会结构的转型,加速了地区之间人力、物力等资源的流动,大大增强了社会活力,推动了社会的快速繁荣与发展。与此同时,随着改革的不断深化,利益格局的不断调整,社会分化现象日趋严重,不同利益群体乃至主体之间的矛盾摩擦越来越激烈,中国的社会结构处于一种相对失衡的状态。社会性报复突发事件,正是转型期社会矛盾日趋尖锐化的反映,且愈演愈烈,已经严重威胁到人民群众的人身安全和社会稳定,成为影响我国构建和谐社会的一大突出问题。所谓社会性报复就是一群或者一个对社会、对人生充满绝望的弱势者因为仇视社会、仇视强势者而采取的极端报复性行为。社会性报复属于非传统犯罪,具有和其他传统犯罪截然不同的特征,其参与主体一般都是处于社会底层的民众,他们长期遭受社会的漠视甚至歧视,不公正的待遇使得他们的心中蓄积了许多不满与仇恨,再加上自身的某些主观因素导致心理扭曲,从而产生报复社会的想法。他们的作案手段、作案工具无常规可循,任何具有杀伤力的武器都有可能成为其选择。更为重要的是,他们的犯罪不是针对直接利害关系者而是针对全社会而实施的,而他们的犯罪对象也往往是那些手无缚鸡之力的无辜民众,譬如孩子、老人、妇女等等之类。他们希望通过制造这些血腥的、能引起全社会高度关注甚至造成普遍恐惧的案件,来发泄自己心中长期积累的对社会的强烈不满与仇恨。如震惊社会的一系列校园弑童案,2002年的南京“9·14汤山特大投毒案”等等。社会型报复以针对不特定人的伤害为手段,伤及无辜、弱小生命,给受害者家庭造成了无法弥补的伤害,已经严重威胁社会的和谐与稳定。但是目前我国对社会型报复还没有给予足够的重视,不管是学界还是社会都把对社会突发安全事件的研究主要集中在参与人数众多、影响面较广的群体性事件,而且应急级别通常是根据相应的参与人数来确定的,缺乏对单个个体采用危害公共安全手段,伤及弱小无辜,以报复社会为目的社会突发事件的研究与应对。至今,有关社会性报复的研究文献和书籍还是寥寥可数。本文将以中国目前已步入高风险社会为宏观背景,在此前提下着重分析社会性报复的特征和成因,并以科塞的安全阀制度为理论视角,努力探寻解决社会性报复的合理措施。希望仅以此文能引起公众特别是政府对于社会性报复事件的关注,从而政府能真正本着以保障人民利益为宗旨,迅速制定相关制度并及时采取相关措施,切实维护人民群众的人身安全和社会和谐。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the reform and opening policy as the symbol, China entered the transition period in 1978.It is undoubtedly correct to adhere to the general direction of reform and opening up, which has promoted the transformation of social structure in China, accelerated the flow of human and material resources among regions, greatly enhanced the social vitality and promoted the rapid prosperity and development of the society.At the same time, with the deepening of the reform and the adjustment of the pattern of interests, the phenomenon of social differentiation is becoming more and more serious, and the conflicts between different interest groups and even the main body are becoming more and more intense.China's social structure is in a state of relative imbalance.The sudden incident of social revenge is a reflection of the increasingly sharp social contradictions in the transitional period, which has seriously threatened the personal safety and social stability of the people, and has become a prominent problem affecting the construction of a harmonious society in our country.The so-called social revenge is an extreme retaliatory action taken by a group or a group of the disadvantaged who are full of despair about life because of their hatred of the society and the strong.Social retaliation is a non-traditional crime with distinct characteristics from other traditional crimes, and its participants are generally the people at the bottom of the society, who have suffered from social neglect and even discrimination for a long time.Unfair treatment makes their hearts accumulate a lot of discontent and hatred, and some subjective factors lead to psychological distortion, resulting in the idea of revenge society.Their modus operandi, instrumentalities are unconventional, and any lethal weapon could be their choice.More importantly, their crimes are committed not against direct stakeholders but against society as a whole, and they are often committed against innocent people, such as children, the elderly, women, and so on, who are powerless.They hope to vent their long accumulated strong discontent and hatred against society by creating these bloody cases which can draw the attention of the whole society and even cause widespread fear.Such as a series of shocking social cases of killing children on campus, Nanjing in 2002, "9 14 Tang Mountain poisoning case" and so on.Social revenge, by means of harming non-specific people, hurts innocent and weak lives, causes irreparable harm to the families of victims, and has seriously threatened the harmony and stability of the society.However, at present, our country has not paid enough attention to social retaliation. Whether in academic circles or in society, the research on social sudden security incidents is mainly focused on the mass incidents with a large number of participants and a wide range of influence.And the emergency level is usually determined according to the corresponding number of participants, the lack of individual use of public security measures to harm the weak and innocent, in order to retaliate society for the purpose of social emergencies research and response.So far, there are few studies and books on social revenge.Based on the macro-background that China has stepped into a high-risk society, this paper analyzes the characteristics and causes of social retaliation, and tries its best to find out the reasonable measures to solve the social revenge from the perspective of Koese's safety valve system.It is hoped that this article alone will draw the attention of the public, especially the Government, to the issue of social retaliation, so that the Government can, with the aim of safeguarding the interests of the people, formulate the relevant system and take relevant measures in a timely manner.We will earnestly safeguard the personal safety and social harmony of the masses of the people.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D631.43

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