应用SPECT对说谎状态下脑功能区的研究—视觉刺激下大脑功能区的改变

发布时间：2018-04-09 07:24

本文选题：测谎　切入点：SPECT　出处：《中国医科大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 前言说谎是人们生活中一种常见的现象。人们通常误导他人来获得好处或保护他们自己或其他人。尽管存在多种不同类型的说谎,但我们只把它的定义限制为：另一个有目的性的误导。另外,在一些医疗条件下,说谎具有一些显著的特点,包括：反社会的人格障碍,装病,认知疾患,成瘾性等。由于说谎的盛行,现在有许多法律,政治和工业背景,从他们精确的检测中我们可以获益。自古以来人们试图准确地检测说谎。检测心理生理功能的设备的不断发展,使得在19世纪后期的审查者可以研究与说谎有关的外周生理变化。这就引领了更尖端的外周测量技术和数据分析的发展,包括测谎仪。现代的测谎仪记录的是皮肤的传导率,血压变化,呼吸和外周血管舒缩活动。还有其他的一些技术被应用到测谎上,而且它们都是外部测量,我们需要直接测量脑活动的更好方法。本研究通过对15名受试者进行SPECT脑功能扫描,进而研究其在说谎与说真话状态下脑功能区改变的不同,旨在分析和评价其法医学意义。实验方法一、实验步骤 (1)第一天,受试者平躺在扫描床上,建立静脉通道,静息5分钟后注药,同时进行SPECT扫描。 (2)第二天,受试者平躺在扫描床上,建立静脉通道,静息5分钟,向受试者展示一张认识人的正面免冠头面相,展示2秒,图片消失时进行回答(是否认识此人)。展示图片时注药,同时进行SPECT扫描。实验完成后请受试者回答以下问题：看到的图片是谁的照片(以确认受试者是否配合实验)? 二、图像采集注药,同时进行SPECT扫描(采集血流)与测谎仪记录。30 min后行SPECT显像。采集矩阵：128×128,能峰：140keV,窗宽：±20%。采集模式：ZOOM：1.45,探头各旋转180°,5.6／帧,每帧采集25s,共采集64帧影像,采集时间共约需30min。结果应用t检验对三组数据进行比较,得出说谎与诚实回答问题时,脑功能活动在右侧额上回、右侧额中回、右侧额下回、右侧背外侧额叶皮质、右侧楔前叶及扣带前回神经活动的差异有统计学意义。结论 1、本实验是通过检测受试者对人物图片的识别及作答过程中大脑的神经反应活动,来确定参与说谎的脑功能区。在说谎过程中,不是单一区域的神经活动,而是多区域共同的神经活动参与其中。当受试者说谎状态下,其涉及了额叶及顶叶多个脑功能区,这些区域的神经活动参与多个认知过程,包括：对真实过程的抑制,记忆的储存,视觉记忆及心象的认定。 2、说谎状态下,脑功能活动在右侧额上回、右侧额中回、右侧额下回、右侧背外侧额叶皮质、右侧楔前叶及扣带前回有显著增强。
[Abstract]:PrefaceLying is a common phenomenon in people's life.People often mislead others to gain benefits or protect themselves or others.Although there are many different types of lies, we limit it to another purposeful misdirection.In addition, under some medical conditions, lying has some significant characteristics, including: antisocial personality disorder, pretend disease, cognitive disorders, addiction and so on.Because of the prevalence of lying, there are many legal, political and industrial backgrounds that we can benefit from their precise testing.Since ancient times people have tried to detect lies accurately.The development of devices to detect psychophysiological functions has allowed reviewers in the late 19th century to study peripheral physiological changes associated with lying.This leads to more sophisticated peripheral measurement techniques and data analysis, including lie detectors.Modern polygraphs record skin conductivity, blood pressure changes, breathing and peripheral vasomotor activity.There are other techniques that have been applied to polygraph, and they are all external measurements, and we need better ways to measure brain activity directly.The purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the forensic significance of 15 subjects by scanning the brain function of SPECT, and then to study the difference between lying and telling the truth.Experimental methodFirst, experimental stepsOn the first day, the subjects lay flat on the scanning bed, established an venous channel, and after 5 minutes of rest, injected the drug, and performed SPECT scans.The next day, the subjects lay flat on the scan bed, set up a venous passage, and rest for 5 minutes. The subjects were shown a headless face of the person they knew, displayed for 2 seconds, and then answered when the picture disappeared (do you know the person???At the same time, SPECT scan was performed.After the experiment was completed, the subjects were asked to answer the following questions: whose picture was seen (to confirm whether the subjects were cooperating with the experiment)?Second, image captureSPECT scanning (blood flow collection) and polygraph recording. 30 min later, SPECT imaging was performed.The acquisition matrix is 128 脳 128, the peak is 140 Kev, the window width is 卤20.In the acquisition mode: 1: 1. 45, the probe rotates 180 掳and 5.6 / frame, and each frame is collected for 25 s, 64 images are collected, and the acquisition time is about 30 mins.ResultT test was used to compare the three groups of data. When lying and answering questions honestly, the brain function was found to be in the right superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right dorsolateral frontal cortex.There were significant differences in nerve activity in the right anterior cuneate lobe and anterior cingulate gyrus.Conclusion1. This experiment was to determine the functional areas of the brain involved in lying by detecting the neural response of the brain in the process of recognizing and answering the images of the subjects.In the process of lying, it is not a single area of nerve activity, but a multi-region common nerve activity involved in it.When the subjects lie, they involve several functional areas of the frontal and parietal lobes, which are involved in multiple cognitive processes, including inhibition of real processes, storage of memory, visual memory and recognition of mental images.2. In lying state, the activity of brain function was significantly enhanced in the right superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right dorsolateral frontal cortex, right precuneiform lobe and anterior cingulate gyrus.
【学位授予单位】：中国医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D919.8

【参考文献】