劳动教养法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 11:13

本文选题：劳动教养 + 行政处罚　；参考：《西南政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 劳动教养是针对违法和轻微犯罪人员所采取的一项强制性教育改造措施,同时也是我国打击违法犯罪的重要法律手段之一,它是在社会主义法律体系建设过程中所形成的一项具有鲜明中国特色的法律制度。毋庸置疑,在劳动教养制度创立伊始,它为我国当时的治安环境以及社会稳定作出了重要贡献,经过50多年的不断发展,劳动教养制度已经成为我国社会主义法律体系中一个不可分割的重要组成部分。然而,时至今日,该项制度在运行中逐渐表现出与当今法制建设不相适应的一面,种种弊端和缺陷也暴露无遗,严重影响了我国的法治进程,如果对现今的劳动教养制度听之任之,必将影响我国“依法治国”重大战略的实现。本文在结构上共分为四大部分,共计3万余字。第一部分是劳动教养制度的历史沿革与现状。这一部分着重介绍了两个问题,首先是劳动教养制度的历史沿革,主要阐述劳动教养制度诞生的历史背景及发展历程,进而揭示了该制度创建伊始的特殊社会政治环境与鲜明的时代意义。其次是劳动教养制度的现状,主要从劳动教养的立法现状、适用条件、适用程序和执行期限等方面论述现今劳动教养制度的概况,使读者对我国现行的劳动教养制度有一个清晰的了解,并为下文第二部分“劳动教养与相关制度的比较”和第三部分“劳动教养的弊端及缺陷分析”做铺垫。第二部分是劳动教养与相关制度的比较。这一部分首先论述了劳动教养与劳动改造的异同点,着重从性质、目的、适用对象、适用程序等七个方面详细论述了两者之间的区别,并对两者的相同之处进行了简要的介绍。随后将我国的劳动教养与外国的保安处分制度进行比较,在此基础上讨论了“保安处分制度是否适用于中国”的问题,本人认为中国目前尚不具备适用保安处分制度的条件,并从理论基础、思想根源及司法环境三个方面阐述了该制度暂不能移植到中国的原因。第三部分是劳动教养的弊端及缺陷分析。这一部分着重论述了我国现今劳动教养制度的种种弊端和缺陷,并从实体法和程序法两方面进行了详细的阐述,进而指出对劳动教养制度进行改革已是势在必行,为第四部分埋下了伏笔。第四部分是劳动教养制度的改革与完善。这一部分对劳动教养制度的存废问题以及劳动教养制度的具体改革方案两个方面进行了论述,首先指出劳动教养制度在当今中国仍然具有存在的必要性,并不支持立即废除该项制度。随后,在对当今法学界几种具有代表性的劳动教养改革方案进行深刻剖析的基础上,结合其中比较合理的内容提出了自己的观点,并从劳动教养的法律性质、适用对象、执行期限、适用程序、执行模式五个方面详细阐述了改革的具体措施,该部分也是本文的核心与重点。
[Abstract]:Reeducation through labour is a compulsory educational reform measure for offenders and minor offenders, and it is also one of the important legal means to crack down on illegal crimes in our country.It is a legal system with distinct Chinese characteristics formed in the construction of socialist legal system.Undoubtedly, from the very beginning of the establishment of the re-education through labour system, it made an important contribution to the security environment and social stability in our country at that time, and after more than 50 years of continuous development,The system of reeducation through labor has become an integral part of the socialist legal system of our country.However, up to now, the system has gradually shown that it is not suitable for the construction of the legal system today, and all kinds of shortcomings and defects have been exposed, which have seriously affected the process of rule of law in our country.If we let the present system of reeducation through labor go unchecked, it will affect the realization of the great strategy of governing the country according to law.The structure of this paper is divided into four parts, a total of more than 30,000 words.The first part is the historical evolution and present situation of reeducation through labor system.This part mainly introduces two problems, first of all, the historical evolution of the re-education through labor system, mainly expounds the historical background and development process of the birth of the re-education through labor system.Then it reveals the special social and political environment at the beginning of the establishment of the system and its distinctive significance of the times.The second is the current situation of the re-education through labor system, mainly from the legislative status of re-education through labour, applicable conditions, applicable procedures and the duration of implementation of the current situation of the re-education through labour system.So that readers have a clear understanding of the current system of re-education through labor in China, and pave the way for the second part, "comparison between reeducation through labor and related systems", and the third part, "Analysis of defects and drawbacks of re-education through labor".The second part is the comparison between reeducation through labor and related systems.This part first discusses the similarities and differences between re-education through labor and re-education through labor, focusing on the nature, purpose, applicable object, applicable procedures and other seven aspects of the differences between the two, and the similarities between the two are briefly introduced.Then, by comparing the system of reeducation through labour in China with that of foreign countries, this paper discusses the question of whether the system of security measures is applicable to China. I think that China does not have the conditions to apply the system of security measures at present.The reasons why the system can not be transplanted to China are expounded from three aspects: theoretical basis, ideological origin and judicial environment.The third part is the malpractice and defect analysis of reeducation through labor.This part focuses on the shortcomings and defects of the present system of re-education through labor in China, and expounds in detail from the aspects of substantive law and procedural law, and points out that it is imperative to reform the system of re-education through labor.Foreshadowing the fourth part.The fourth part is the reform and perfection of reeducation through labor system.This part discusses the existence and abolition of the system of re-education through labor and the specific reform scheme of the system of re-education through labor. Firstly, it points out that the system of re-education through labor still exists in China.There is no support for the immediate abolition of the system.Then, on the basis of the deep analysis of several representative reform schemes in the field of law education through labor, the author puts forward his own viewpoint on the basis of the more reasonable contents, and from the legal nature of reeducation through labor, the applicable object.The specific measures of the reform are elaborated in five aspects: duration of execution, applicable procedure and execution mode. This part is also the core and key point of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D926.8

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