2002～2007年上海市机动车道路交通事故特征分析

发布时间：2018-04-22 05:32

本文选题：机动车道路交通事故 + 发生率　；参考：《环境与职业医学》2009年03期

【摘要】：[目的]了解上海市机动车道路交通事故发生水平的变化趋势及相关特征,为控制机动车道路交通事故及其危害提供决策依据。[方法]应用2003～2008年上海市统计年鉴及相关背景资料描述上海市机动车道路交通事故的发生率、死亡率、伤人率、致死率及其变化趋势,并描述机动车道路交通事故的归因、地区和道路等相关特征。[结果]2002～2007年上海市机动车道路交通事故发生率、死亡率及伤人率呈下降趋势,但致死率呈上升趋势。上海市机动车道路交通事故是上海市道路交通事故的主要构成,主要由人的因素促成,贡献率达98.77%。其中,机动车驾驶员违章是主要贡献因素;主要违章类型为纵向间距不够等。2002～2007年间发生机动车道路交通事故的责任车种主要为汽车,其所占比例为76.42%～96.83%;其所致机动车道路交通事故发生率、死亡率及伤人率呈下降趋势;其致死率呈上升趋势。各级公路的机动车道路交通事故密度下降;非城区的高等级公路机动车道路交通事故发生密度较高。[结论]上海市道路环境等状况的改善明显降低了上海市机动车道路交通事故的发生。上海市机动车道路交通事故控制应以机动车驾驶员的不良交通行为为主要目标。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the changing trend and related characteristics of motor vehicle road traffic accidents in Shanghai, and to provide decision basis for controlling motor vehicle road traffic accidents and their hazards. [methods] the incidence, mortality, injury rate, fatality rate and its changing trend of motor vehicle traffic accidents in Shanghai were described by using the 2003 ~ 2008 Shanghai Statistical Yearbook and related background data. The attribution of motor vehicle road traffic accidents was also described. Areas and roads and other related characteristics. [results] from 2002 to 2007, the incidence of motor vehicle traffic accidents, mortality and injury rate in Shanghai decreased, but the fatality rate increased. Motor vehicle traffic accidents in Shanghai are the main components of road traffic accidents in Shanghai, which are mainly caused by human factors, and the contribution rate is 98.77%. Among them, motor vehicle drivers' violation of regulations is the main contributing factor, and the main types of violations are not enough longitudinal spacing and so on. In 2007, the main types of vehicles responsible for motor vehicle road traffic accidents are vehicles. The proportion of them is 76.42 and 96.83, the incidence of road traffic accidents, mortality and injury rate of motor vehicles are decreasing, and the fatality rate is on the rise. The density of motor vehicle traffic accident decreased in all levels of highway, and the density of motor vehicle traffic accident in non-urban high-grade highway was higher. [conclusion] the improvement of road environment in Shanghai has significantly reduced the incidence of motor vehicle traffic accidents in Shanghai. The main goal of motor vehicle traffic accident control in Shanghai should be the bad traffic behavior of motor vehicle drivers.
【作者单位】：上海市疾病预防控制中心伤害防治科;上海市疾病预防控制中心驾驶员体验管理办公室;
【分类号】：D631.5

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