公务员职务犯罪及其预防研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 11:16

本文选题：公务员职务犯罪 + 原因　；参考：《西南政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 公务员职务犯罪是我国当前最为严重的犯罪类型之一,公务员职务犯罪的滋生和蔓延已经给我国的改革和社会的发展造成了很严重的后果,如果任其发展,不仅改革开发和现代化事业要被葬送,还可能危及人民政权的稳固。十多年来,我国学界对公务员职务犯罪的研究一直方兴未艾,取得不少成绩。但这部分的理论成果还存在基本概念界定不严谨,缺乏依据我国社会发展变化做出前瞻性判断等不足,这也合乎逻辑地导致在刑事司法层面对公务员职务犯罪的预防和治理带来不确定性和被动性。因此,深入研究公务员职务犯罪的相关问题,着力在其预防方面,不仅具有重要的理论价值,而且具有重要的应用价值。本文在引言部分还介绍了我国公务员职务犯罪的客观现实和理论研究现状,阐述了研究我国公务员职务犯罪的方法及目的。在正文的五大个部分论述了公务员职务犯罪的相关问题。全文约4万字,共分五部分,主要内容如下: 一、公务员职务犯罪概述。该部分对与公务员职务犯罪的相关概念进行辨析、选择。我国传统刑法理论将公务员职务犯罪理解为国家工作人员和其他从事公务的人员利用公务实施的有关犯罪。笔者认为,这缩小了职务犯罪的范围,也不能正确表述公务员职务犯罪的范围,而且我国特有的国家工作人员这一概念也有很多不足之处,建议应用公务员职务犯罪这一下位概念来概括国家工作人员和其他从事公务的人员这类犯罪。并在公务员职务犯罪概念的基础上阐释了该类犯罪的主体范围。二、我国公务员职务犯罪的现状和原因。首先,依据最高人民检察院2008年度的工作报告,该报告是对2003年至2008年检察院工作的一次比较全面的总结,了解我国公务员职务犯罪的最新状况。而后,对公务员职务犯罪的原因进行了探究,公务员职务犯罪原因是一个综合和动态的罪因体系。笔者以公务员职务犯罪的主体作为切入点,以导致该主体走上犯罪道路的主客观两个方面为研究面,深入分析我国公务员职务犯罪的原因,认为公务员职务犯罪主体的主观方面原因是内在而更为根本的,需要长期性的工作才能减少这方面的诱因;客观方面的原因是刺激行为人产生犯罪动机,便利行为人做出犯罪行为的外在条件,最大限度抑制客观方面诱因具有现实紧迫性,也是预防公务员职务犯罪的关键所在,在现阶段预防对策应更多的针对后者来思考制定。三、预防公务员职务犯罪的价值优势及可行性。我国历来重视对公务员职务犯罪的着力打击,但由于各种原因比较忽视对公务员职务犯罪的预防工作。其实,预防较之打击是更为根本和经济的手段,是在构建和谐社会大背景下更具有价值优势的手段。另外,基于公务员职务犯罪自身具有的可知性、因果性、规律性,加之人类社会的自我净化能力,预防公务员职务犯罪是可能可行的。四、我国公务员职务犯罪预防的现实困境。该部分在简要回顾我国预防公务员职务犯罪工作后,总结了各个预防工作阶段存在的一些不足。主要问题有:思想认识不到位,立法制度不健全,社会化预防工作没有达到预期的效果和目的,专业预防机构和队伍的建设滞后。五、完善我国公务员职务犯罪的预防对策。在本部分,先确立一定的理念,即以坚持党在预防公务员职务犯罪工作中的领导地位,坚持标本兼治、注重预防为基本思路,坚持教育,制度、监督相结合原则,再对应前文关于公务员职务犯罪的原因分析,相应提出完善对策。具体措施有:加强教育,提高公务员素质,创建廉政文化;深化制度改革,科学设置、运行权力;完善法规制度,加强监督,约束公务员权力。
[Abstract]:The crime of duty of civil servants is one of the most serious types of crime in China. The birth and spread of civil servants' duty crime has caused serious consequences to the reform and social development of our country. If it is developed, not only the cause of reform and modernization and modernization will be buried, but also the stability of the people's power may be endangered. In the past more than 10 years, The research in the academic circles of our country has been in the ascendant and achieved a lot of achievements in the study of civil servants' duty crime, but the theoretical results of this part still have the basic definition of the basic concepts, and the lack of forward-looking judgments based on the social development and changes in our country, which also logically leads to the prevention and the prevention of the crime of civil servants in the judicial layer of the criminal law. Governance brings uncertainty and passivity. Therefore, it is not only of important theoretical value but also of important application value to study the related issues of civil servants' duty crime and to focus on its prevention. In the introduction, the objective reality and theoretical research status of civil servants in our country are also introduced, and the research is expounded. The method and purpose of civil servants' job-related crimes in China are discussed in the five parts of the text.
The whole text is about 4 words, which is divided into five parts. The main contents are as follows:
First, the overview of the civil service duty crime. This part of the relevant concepts related to the civil service duty crime is discriminated and selected. The traditional criminal law theory of our country understands the civil service duty crime as the related crime of the state staff and other people engaged in public affairs by the public affairs. The concept of civil servants' duty crime is correctly expressed, and the concept of national staff in our country has many shortcomings. It is suggested to apply the concept of official duty crime as a subordinate concept to generalize the crimes of the state staff and other personnel engaged in public affairs, and to explain the concept of the duty crime of the public servants. The scope of the subject of a kind of crime.
Two, the status and reasons of civil servant crime in China. First, according to the work report of the Supreme People's Procuratorate in the year 2008, the report is a comprehensive summary of the work of the procuratorate from 2003 to 2008, to understand the latest situation of the crime of civil servants in our country. Then, the reasons for the civil servants' duty crime are explored, and the public affairs are carried out. The cause of the duty crime is a comprehensive and dynamic cause of the crime. The author takes the main body of the civil service duty crime as the breakthrough point, and takes two aspects as the subject and the subjective and objective view that leads to the subject to go on the road of crime. The author deeply analyzes the reasons for the duty crime of the civil servants in our country, and thinks that the subjective reasons of the main subject of the duty crime of the public servants are internal. In a more fundamental way, the need for long-term work can reduce the cause of this. The objective reason is to stimulate the perpetrator to produce the crime motive, to facilitate the external conditions of the perpetrator to make the crime, to restrain the objective cause to be realistic and to prevent the civil servant's duty crime. Stage prevention should be more focused on the latter.
Three, to prevent the value advantage and feasibility of civil servants' duty crime. China has always attached great importance to the effort to fight crime of civil servants. However, because of various reasons, the prevention of the crime of civil servants is ignored. In fact, the prevention of the attack is more fundamental and economic means, and is more valuable in the construction of a harmonious society. In addition, based on the knowability, causality, regularity, and self purification ability of human society, it is possible to prevent crime by civil servants.
Four, the practical predicament of the prevention of duty crime in civil servants in our country. After a brief review of the job prevention of civil servants in our country, this part sums up some shortcomings in the various stages of prevention work. The main problems are: the lack of understanding, the imperfect legislative system, and the lack of the desired effect and purpose for the social prevention work, and the major problems. The construction of prevention institutions and teams is lagging behind.
Five, to improve the preventive measures for the duty crime of civil servants in our country. In this part, we first establish a certain concept, that is to adhere to the leadership position of the party in the crime prevention of civil servants, adhere to the principle of prevention as the basic idea, adhere to the principle of combining education, system and supervision, and then correspond to the original article about the crime of civil servants. The concrete measures include: strengthening education, improving the quality of civil servants, creating a clean government culture, deepening the reform of the system, setting up science and running power, perfecting the regulatory system, strengthening supervision and restricting the power of civil servants.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D917

【参考文献】