户籍与创业:城乡居民自我雇佣的差异研究——来自CGSS2008的证据

发布时间：2018-05-17 06:24

本文选题：创业 + 户籍　；参考：《中国经济问题》2017年06期

【摘要】：本文使用非线性Oaxaca-Blinder分解方法,利用2008年中国综合社会调查数据(CGSS2008),详细探究了户籍对城乡居民创业行为的影响。我们发现农村户籍将显著增大居民选择创业的概率,具体说是城市居民的2.18倍。使用非线性分解结果显示:两者之间创业的概率差异中有50%无法用观察到的个人特征、家庭背景和企业家特征来解释。进一步对居民创业的不同形式——个体经营还是企业经营进行研究,结果发现在控制了其他因素的情况下,农村户籍的创业者成为企业家概率不到城市户籍的30%。上述研究结果表明:虽然农村居民的创业概率比城市居民要大,但这更可能是一种"被动"选择而不是"主动"创业,因此以能否成为企业家来看,农村居民显著处于劣势,在这其中观察不到的制度性的歧视因素发挥了重要的作用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the nonlinear Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition method is used to study the impact of household registration on the entrepreneurial behavior of urban and rural residents in detail by using the 2008 China Comprehensive Social Survey data (CGSS 2008). We find that rural household registration will significantly increase the probability of residents choosing to start a business, specifically 2.18 times as much as urban residents. The results of nonlinear decomposition show that 50% of the difference in entrepreneurial probability can not be explained by observed personal characteristics, family background and entrepreneurial characteristics. Further study on the different forms of resident entrepreneurship-self-employed or enterprise management, the results show that under the control of other factors, rural household registration entrepreneurs become entrepreneurs less than 30% of the probability of urban household registration. The results show that although rural residents are more likely to start a business than urban residents, this is more likely to be a "passive" choice rather than an "active" venture, so rural residents are at a significant disadvantage in terms of whether they can become entrepreneurs. Institutional discrimination, which is not observed, plays an important role.
【作者单位】：南京大学商学院人口研究所;清华大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目(13CJY091)的资助
【分类号】：D631.42;F279.2

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