暴力犯和非暴力犯共情差异的ERP研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 04:47

本文选题：暴力犯 + 非暴力犯　；参考：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 共情作为一种能够促进亲社会行为,抑制反社会行为的变量,在对攻击性行为的研究中扮演着重要的角色,有大量的对攻击和共情的研究都证明了低共情与攻击性行为的正向相关关系。暴力犯罪是一种极端的攻击行为,根据已有的研究表明:暴力犯和非暴力犯在共情上尤其是认知共情上存在显著差异。但有关共情和犯罪的研究大部分为问卷调查、情景实验和fMRI研究。本研究利用疼痛刺激材料和中性刺激材料诱发暴力犯和非暴力犯的痛觉共情,并同时记录被试的ERPs以考察两类罪犯痛觉共情的差异。结果显示:实验材料诱发了暴力犯和非暴力犯的痛觉共情,所有被试在疼痛刺激和中性刺激上ERP波形差异显著;暴力犯和非暴力犯在ERP的P3成分上组间变量主效应显著,说明暴力犯和非暴力犯认知共情差异显著,并且在Fz、Fcz、Cz电极上暴力犯在P3平均波幅上的差异比非暴力犯小,这可能说明暴力犯认知共情水平较非暴力犯低。在N2差异波(疼痛刺激减中性刺激)上组间因素(暴力犯、非暴力犯)主效应显著,说明暴力犯和非暴力犯的痛觉共情差异显著,并且在Fcz电极上,暴力犯N2差异波的绝对值比非暴力犯小,可能说明暴力犯情绪共情能力较非暴力犯低。
[Abstract]:Empathy, as a variable that can promote pro-social behavior and inhibit anti-social behavior, plays an important role in the study of aggressive behavior. A lot of researches on aggression and empathy have proved the positive correlation between low empathy and aggressive behavior. Violent crime is an extreme aggressive behavior. According to existing studies, there are significant differences in empathy between violent and non-violent offenders, especially in cognitive empathy. However, most of the studies on empathy and crime are questionnaires, situational experiments and fMRI studies. In this study, pain stimulation materials and neutral stimuli were used to induce pain empathy between violent and non-violent offenders, and the ERPs of the subjects were recorded to investigate the difference of pain empathy between the two groups of criminals. The results showed that the experimental data induced pain synaesthesia between violent and non-violent offenders. The ERP waveforms of all subjects were significantly different in pain and neutral stimuli, and the main effects of variables between groups on P3 component of ERP were significant between violent and non-violent offenders. The results showed that there were significant differences in cognitive empathy between violent and non-violent offenders, and there was a smaller difference in P3 mean amplitude between violent offenders and non-violent offenders at the Fz-Fcz-Cz electrode, which might indicate that the cognitive empathy level of violent offenders was lower than that of non-violent offenders. The main effects of inter-group factors (violators, non-violators) on N _ 2 differential waves (pain stimuli minus neutral stimuli) were significant, indicating that there were significant differences in pain empathy between violent and non-violent offenders, and on the Fcz electrode. The absolute value of N _ 2 difference wave of violent offenders is smaller than that of non-violent offenders, which may indicate that the emotional empathy ability of violent offenders is lower than that of non-violent offenders.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D917

【引证文献】