我国收容教养制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 02:44

本文选题：收容教养 + 人身强制措施　；参考：《西南政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 收容教养是一种针对特定未成年人实施的,旨在对严重违法少年进行教育、感化以及矫治的人身强制措施。就其性质而言,收容教养具有社会防卫和权利救济的双重特点,类似于一些西方国家的保安处分,在实施过程中又带有强烈的行政处罚色彩。实践中,我国收容教养存在着一系列的制度缺陷,比如,对收容对象规定得比较模糊,没有明确的年龄下限和主体要件;有关收容教养运行程序的法律规定不到位,缺乏必要的救济程序,对未成年人的权益保护不够;在执行过程中,将收容对象与成年劳教人员混押分管,不能体现收容对象的特殊性;缺乏场所教养后的督导措施等等。作为一项正式制度,收容教养的现状与未来理应受到必要的关注。基于此,笔者在结合具体案件材料的基础上,对当前我国收容教养制度进行一些探讨。本文共约三万字,分为以下四个部分。 “引言”部分,主要以两个案件不同的处理结果为切入点,提出当前我国收容教养制度存在的一系列问题。这些问题有,什么是收容教养;收容教养在何种条件下对哪些对象实施;收容教养在运行过程中,案件事实的审查、移送决定的做出、执行场所的安排上都存在着改革与完善的需要。第一章,主要分析了我国收容教养制度的性质与内涵。笔者通过将收容教养与“行政处罚”、“劳动教养”、“保安处分”以及“收容教育与强制戒毒”等相关概念进行比较,对收容教养的性质进行界定。然后,在将收容教养分为“收容”与“教养”两大部分的基础上对这一制度的内涵进行了深入分析,主要阐述收容的对象与条件问题以及教养中人身强制与教育感化问题。第二章,对当前我国收容教养制度运行现状进行评析,指出收容教养在法律渊源、启动方式、执行过程方面存在的重大缺陷。即,在法律渊源上,收容教养正式规定于《刑法》之中,却长期处于一些非规范性文件和临时性政策规定中低位运行,现实地位与理论期待很不相符;在制度安排上,收容对象的范围不够明确,审批制度因由公安机关内部审批而缺乏客观性,期限安排缺乏弹性,执行方式单一,场所封闭;在运行程序上,收容教养案件办理过程中对事实的审查、移送决定的做出、执行方式、场所以及期限的安排由公安机关单独办理,既没有充分考虑未成年人权益的特殊保护,也缺乏应有的救济程序。第三章,针对收容教养运行现状中存在的一系列问题,从建立明确的立法架构、细化合理的制度安排、制定规范的运行程序三个领域提出了改革我国收容教养制度的具体设想:在立法架构上立足于刑法规范,由《刑法》对收容教养制度予以详细规定,使收容教养制度与刑罚制度并列成为《刑法》的正式组成部分;在制度安排上,明确实施对象,改革审批制度,形成弹性的收容期限,建立专门的收容教养社区;在运行程序上依归刑事诉讼程序,形成公安机关报批、检察院审查监督、人民法院决定的格局。
[Abstract]:Reeducation is a kind of personal coercive measures aimed at specific juveniles, aimed at educating, changing and correcting serious juvenile offenders. As far as their nature is concerned, the reeducation has the dual characteristics of social defense and rights relief, similar to the security measures in some western countries, with strong actions in the process of implementation. In practice, there are a series of defects in the system of reeducation in China. For example, it has a vague stipulation on the object of acceptance, there is no definite age lower limit and the main elements; the legal provisions on the procedure of the operation of rearing and rearing are not in place, the necessary relief procedures are lacking, and the protection of the rights and interests of the minors is not enough; it has been carried out. In the course of the process, the object of reception and the adult labor education personnel are divided into a mixture, which can not reflect the particularity of the object, the lack of supervision measures after the rearing of the place and so on. As a formal system, the present situation and the future of rearing rearing should be paid attention to. Based on this, the author, on the basis of the specific case materials, is on the current China's collection teaching. The system of breeding is discussed.
This article consists of about thirty thousand words and is divided into the following four parts.
In the part of "Introduction", a series of problems in the present system of rearing rearing in China are put forward mainly by the different results of two cases. There is a need for reform and improvement in the arrangement of executing places.
In the first chapter, the author analyzes the nature and connotation of the system of reeducation and rearing in China. By comparing the concepts of "administrative punishment", "reeducation through labor", "security punishment" and "the education and compulsory detoxification", the author defines the nature of the rearing rearing, and then divides the reeducation into a "reception". On the basis of the two major parts of "rearing", the connotation of this system is deeply analyzed. The subject and conditions of the collection are mainly discussed, as well as the problems of personal compulsion and education in the rearing.
In the second chapter, the current situation of the system of rearing rearing system in China is evaluated and analyzed, and the major defects in the legal origin, the way of starting and the process of execution are pointed out. That is, the legal origin, the rearing rearing is formally stipulated in the criminal law, but is in a low position in some non standard documents and temporary policy provisions for a long time. The actual status is not consistent with the theoretical expectation; in the system arrangement, the scope of the collection object is not clear enough, the examination and approval system is lack of objectivity in the examination and approval of the public security organs, the time limit is unflexible, the way of execution is unitary, the place is closed; in the operation procedure, the examination of the facts in the process of handling the case management of the education and raising of the cases is transferred to the decision. The arrangement of the implementation, the way of execution, the place and the time limit are handled by the public security organ alone. It does not fully consider the special protection of the rights and interests of the minors, and also lacks the proper relief procedures.
The third chapter, aiming at a series of problems existing in the present situation of the operation of the rearing rearing, from the establishment of a clear legislative framework, the refinement of a reasonable institutional arrangement and the formulation of a standardized operation procedure, the concrete assumption of reforming the system of rearing rearing in China is put forward in the following three fields: the legislative framework is based on the code of criminal law, and the system of the penal code is given to the system of reeducation by the criminal law. Detailed stipulates that the system of rearing and penal system and the penalty system are incorporated into the formal part of the criminal law; in the system arrangement, the object of implementation, the reform and approval system, the formation of an elastic acceptance period, the establishment of a special accommodating rearing community, the procedure of the criminal procedure, the public security organs for approval and the examination and supervision of the Procuratorate The pattern decided by the people's court.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D926.8

【引证文献】