共同故意认识因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 01:42

本文选题：认识因素 + 事实性认识　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：共同犯罪的故意作为犯罪故意的一种特殊形态,并不是单个犯罪故意的简单结合,共同故意理论虽然是以单独故意研究为基础,但更具复杂性和较深的研究意义。从构成来看它具有双重的认识因素和双重的意志因素,但认识因素更具有基础性的地位。共同犯罪人在实施共同犯罪时,不仅只是对自己的行为有所认识和控制,而且对整个共同犯罪都有认识和控制。共同故意认识因素的研究在英美法系和大陆法系都有涉及,且形成了很多不同的学说理论,但争议点都离不开对共同故意具体认识要素的讨论。因此首先从事实认识和违法性认识两个层面来加以研究,然后就是故意的认识程度问题,达到什么样的程度才能够说做到了具体的明知,最后是讨论在共同犯罪人出现认识错误情况的问题处理。探讨共同故意认识因素的关键之处就在于共同故意中不仅要对行为人自己的行为有事实性认识和违法性认识,还应当认识到其他共同行为人对事实性认识和违法性认识两个方面的理解。而且在事实性认识方面,共同行为人首先就是要对所实施的共同行为的性质有所认识,其他还包括对行为的对象、行为的结果以及行为与结果之间的因果关系。此外,对于行为主体的认识因对共同故意的定罪量刑有一定的影响,也宜被纳入被认识的范围之中。在事实性认识中的程度性认识方面,单独故意对于结果犯中对结果出现概率的可能性认识在共同故意的认识中也必然要有一定的认识。与单独故意不同的是,共同故意中还需对行为犯中行为出现的概率也应当有所认识。另外在共同故意的违法性认识方面,行为人不但要对自己的行为存在违法性认识还需认识到其他的共同行为人是否也有违法性认识,不仅如此,行为人还需认识到其他共同行为人对其自身的行为也要具有违法性认识,否则依然不构成共同故意。因为共同行为的整体性,在共同犯罪的过程中就很可能出现由于其中一人的认识错误而影响其他共同行为人的刑事责任。这是一个与单独故意发生认识错误时很不同的处理结论。
[Abstract]:As a special form of criminal intent, the theory of joint intent is not a simple combination of individual criminal intent. Although the theory of joint intent is based on the study of individual intent, it has more complexity and deeper significance. It has double cognitive factors and double will factors, but cognitive factors have more basic position. When a joint offender commits a joint crime, he not only knows and controls his own behavior, but also knows and controls the whole joint crime. The study of common intentional cognition factors is involved in both Anglo-American law system and continental law system, and many different theories have been formed, but the controversial points can not be separated from the discussion of concrete cognitive elements of common intention. Therefore, first of all, it is studied from the two levels of fact cognition and illegal cognition, and then is the question of the degree of intentional understanding, to what extent can we say that we have achieved specific knowledge. Finally, it discusses how to deal with the problem of misunderstanding in the joint offender. The key to discuss the factors of common intention is that the common intention should not only have a factual and illegal understanding of the behavior of the perpetrator, We should also recognize other common actors' understanding of fact and illegality. Moreover, in the aspect of factual cognition, the common actor should first understand the nature of the common act, and the other includes the object of the act, the result of the act and the causality between the act and the result. In addition, the cognition of the behavior subject has certain influence on the common intentional conviction and sentencing, and it should also be included in the scope of being recognized. In the aspect of degree cognition in factual cognition, it is necessary to have a certain understanding of the possibility of the probability of the result appearing in the result crime alone in the common intention cognition. Different from individual intention, the probability of behavior in joint intent should also be recognized. In addition, in the aspect of mutual intentional illegality, the perpetrator should not only recognize the existence of illegality of his own behavior, but also know whether other common actors have illegality, not only that, The actor should also recognize that other common actors should also have illegal understanding of their own behavior, otherwise, it still does not constitute common intent. Because of the integrity of the common act, it is very likely that the criminal responsibility of the other common actor will be affected by the mistake of one of them in the process of joint crime. This is a very different conclusion from a deliberate error of understanding alone.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D917

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