刑事诉讼中适用社区矫正的审查程序研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 13:51

【摘要】：近年来,社区矫正制度在我国迅速兴起,引起了刑事司法学界的广泛关注,并在实践中也得到了广泛的应用。在刑事诉讼中,适用社区矫正审查程序,是对犯罪人是否符合适用社区矫正的“门槛”的审查和评估,这里的刑事诉讼是广义上的刑事诉讼,包括审判中的量刑审查和刑罚执行过程中的行刑方式的审查。其主要的理论支持有恢复性司法理论、社会防卫理论、犯罪人理论、刑罚个别化理论和犯罪心理学理论等理论。该审查程序的设置体现了宽严相济的刑事政策、程序法治的原则要求,兼顾了刑事司法的公正与效率价值,可以有效改善目前我国社区矫正状况,充分实现社区矫正的司法价值,并对控制社会舆论风险、增强司法权威具有重要意义,有助于实现社区矫正司法效果和社会效果的统一。早在2003年,我国最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部和司法部就曾在各大城市开展社区矫正的试点工作,并于2011年新《刑法》修正案颁布之一将社区矫正制度正式在全国范围内推广开来。然而,这些关于社区矫正制度的法律规定仍为初步的和笼统性的规定。尽管2012的《社区矫正实施办法》以及各省市地区都对社区矫正的相关制度进行了一定程度的细化,但目前的适用社区矫正的审查程序仍存在着诸多的问题,比如审查程序介入的滞后、审查规定的笼统和不一致、审查主体和审查内容的不明确等等。这些制度设计上的问题导致了在目前我国的司法实践操作中审查人员敷衍了事,主观随意性较大,适用社区矫正的审查程序并没有收到其应有的法律效果,制约着社区矫正制度整体的成效。因此,在借鉴英美等域外先进经验的基础上,笔者对适用社区矫正的审查程序进行了进一步的分析和完善,将审查程序的主体按照程序开展的不同阶段予以细分,相互分工合作;针对拟适用社区矫正的不同对象,增强了审查的强制性;对社区矫正的适用审查的主要内容和调查评估方法加以完善,设置了具体的审查标准;加强对社区矫正的适用审查的监督和管理,增设了审查的回避制度。通过上述对适用社区矫正的审查程序的制度和理论完善,可以有效的解决目前社区矫正在适用审查过程中出现的问题,保障社区矫正工作的公正和有序进行。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the community correction system has risen rapidly in our country, which has aroused the widespread concern of the criminal justice circles, and has also been widely used in practice. In criminal proceedings, the application of community correction review procedure is the examination and evaluation of whether the offender meets the "threshold" applicable to community correction. In this case, criminal proceedings are broadly defined as criminal proceedings. Including the sentencing review in the trial and the execution of punishment in the process of examination. The main theories are restorative justice theory, social defense theory, criminal theory, penalty individualization theory and criminal psychology theory. The establishment of the examination procedure reflects the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity, the principle of ruling by law of procedure, and the value of justice and efficiency of criminal justice, which can effectively improve the current situation of community correction in our country. It is of great significance to realize the judicial value of community correction, to control the risk of public opinion, to strengthen judicial authority, and to realize the unity of judicial effect and social effect of community correction. As early as 2003, the Supreme people's Court, the Supreme people's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Justice carried out pilot work on community correction in major cities. One of the amendments to the new Criminal Law in 2011 formally popularized the community correction system in the whole country. However, these legal provisions on community correction system are still preliminary and general provisions. Although the implementation measures of Community Correction in 2012 and the relevant system of Community Correction in all provinces, cities and regions have been refined to a certain extent, there are still many problems in the current review procedure applicable to Community Correction. For example, the delay of the intervention of the review procedure, the general and inconsistent provisions of the review, the indefinitude of the subject and the content of the review, and so on. These problems in the design of the system resulted in the censor perfunctory and subjective randomness in the current judicial practice in our country, and the review procedure applied to the community correction did not receive the legal effect that it should have. It restricts the effectiveness of community correction system as a whole. Therefore, on the basis of learning from the advanced experiences of the United States and other foreign countries, the author makes further analysis and improvement of the review procedure applicable to the community correction, and subdivides the subject of the review procedure into different stages according to the different stages of the procedure. According to the different objects to be applied to community correction, the mandatory review is strengthened, the main contents of the application review of community correction and the methods of investigation and evaluation are improved, and the specific examination standards are set up. To strengthen the supervision and management of the applicable review of community correction, the examination avoidance system has been added. By perfecting the system and theory of the review procedure, we can effectively solve the problems existing in the process of community correction review and ensure the fair and orderly implementation of community correction work.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D926.8

【相似文献】