论犯罪学的社会医学性质——兼论犯罪学与我国刑事法律制度建设

发布时间：2018-08-24 13:32

【摘要】：犯罪学这门横跨自然科学和社会科学两大领域的百科知识式的学科,在性质上属于社会医学,这一命题是理解犯罪学学科性质的新思路,是犯罪学理论研究走出迷思的途径。以"除恶防害"宗旨服务于社会的犯罪学理论和以"除病消灾"为宗旨服务于人类的医学具有相同的思维模式,这是理解犯罪学在学科性质上属于社会医学的主要根据之一。将犯罪问题看成社会疾病,原本就是犯罪学和社会学产生以来就有的思想,但由于传统的思维定式和刑法学理论的强势地位,导致犯罪学理论沦为刑事科学的附庸。因此,它的这一闪光思想未能使刑罚主义在治理犯罪的实践中让位于医学模式,从而形成了犯罪学理论愈发达,犯罪现象愈严重的奇怪现象,这说明犯罪学理论还未达到应有的科学程度和影响显著的社会地位。因此,需要依据犯罪学的性质要求进行变革,以充分发挥其效能和取得医治犯罪的理论主导地位并服务于社会。犯罪学理论和学科,既然属于医治社会疾病的理论和学科,那么,它对于专事处理"犯罪"这一社会病患的刑事法律制度的建立和改革,必然起积极的推动作用。
[Abstract]:Criminology, an encyclopedic discipline spanning two major fields of natural science and social science, belongs to social medicine in nature. This proposition is a new way to understand the nature of criminology and a way for theoretical research of criminology to get out of the puzzle. The theory of criminology serving society with the aim of "eliminating evil and preventing harm" and the medical science serving human beings with the purpose of "eliminating diseases and eliminating disasters" have the same thinking mode, which is one of the main bases for understanding that criminology belongs to social medicine in nature of discipline. Since the emergence of criminology and sociology, the problem of crime is regarded as a social disease. However, due to the traditional thinking pattern and the strong position of criminal law theory, criminology theory is reduced to the vassal of criminal science. Therefore, its flash of thought failed to give way to the medical model in the practice of penalism in the practice of crime control, thus forming a strange phenomenon in which the criminology theory became more and more common, and the crime phenomenon became more serious. This shows that the criminological theory has not yet reached its due scientific level and significant social status. Therefore, it is necessary to make changes according to the nature of criminology in order to give full play to its effectiveness and obtain the dominant position of the theory of treating crime and serve the society. The theory and discipline of criminology, since it belongs to the theory and discipline of treating social diseases, must play a positive role in the establishment and reform of the criminal legal system of dealing with "crime" as a social patient.
【作者单位】：中国人民公安大学;
【分类号】：D917

【相似文献】