认知综合测试法与犯罪情节测试法测试效度的比较研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 08:30

【摘要】：心理生理测试技术经过百年发展,已取得了长足的进步。其测试方法经历了相关不目标问题测试法、紧张峰测试法、准绳问题测试法、犯罪情节测试法(现称隐藏信息测试法)到认知综合测试法。其测试内容也从检测被测人是否说谎到检测被测人是否有与案、事件经历相关的心理痕迹,即“测真”。目前,以“测真”为目标的犯罪情节测试法、认知综合测试法日益成为心理生理测试技术研究应用的趋势。在犯罪情节测试法的基础上发展而来的认知综合测试法,与犯罪情节测试法相比,在实案应用中表现出了更好的测试效度,但是缺乏实验室研究的验证。因此,本研究在实验室条件下,分别考察在模拟犯罪范式下认知综合测试法与犯罪情节测试法的测试效度,比较认知综合测试法与犯罪情节测试法哪种方法更具有效性,以提高和完善我国心理生理测试技术的应用水平。实验选用模拟盗窃范式,选取在校大学生为被试,以抽签的形式随机抽取案件角色(作案者、知情者、无辜者)并进行模拟盗窃,模拟结束后,分别使用犯罪情节测试法、认知综合测试法对被试进行测试,将两种测试方法的测试准确率进行比较,以考察不同测试方法对于不同案件角色的测试准确率是否存在差异。实验一将模拟盗窃范式中知情组被试作为实验对象,考察认知综合测试法和犯罪情节测试法哪种方法更能有效甄别知情者案件角色;实验二在实验一的基础之上,进一步研究模拟犯罪范式下两种方法对作案组被试和无辜组被试的判定哪种更为准确。实验结果显示:采用上述两种方法针对知情者案件角色的测试准确率有着较为明显的差异,即认知综合测试法能够更为有效地对知情者案件角色进行区分。进一步使用认知综合测试法与犯罪情节测试法对三种案件角色的测试准确率进行比较,在模拟盗窃范式中,认知综合测试法与犯罪情节测试法对作案者角色的测试准确率没有显著的差异;认知综合测试法对知情者案件角色的测试准确率显著高于犯罪情节测试法,对无辜者案件角色的测试准确率有着较为显著的差异。
[Abstract]:After a hundred years development, psychophysiological testing technology has made great progress. Its testing methods include related non-target test method, tension peak test method, criterion test method, crime plot test method (now called hidden information test method) and cognitive comprehensive test method. The content of the test is from whether the tested person is lying or not to whether the subject has psychological traces related to the case and the incident experience, that is, "truth testing". At present, the method of crime plot test and the comprehensive test of cognition are becoming the trend of the research and application of psychophysiological test technology. The cognitive comprehensive test method developed on the basis of the crime circumstances test method shows better test validity than the crime scenario test method, but it lacks the verification of the laboratory research. Therefore, under the condition of laboratory, this study investigates the validity of cognitive comprehensive test and crime plot test under the paradigm of simulated crime, and compares the cognitive comprehensive test and the crime circumstances test which method is more effective. In order to improve and improve the level of application of psychophysiological testing technology in China. The experiment selected simulated theft paradigm, selected college students as subjects, randomly selected the role of the case (the perpetrator, the informant, the innocent) and carried on the simulated theft by drawing lots. After the simulation, the crime plot test method was used respectively. The test accuracy of the two test methods was compared to investigate whether there were differences in the test accuracy of different test methods for different case roles. In experiment one, the subjects of informed group in simulated theft paradigm were taken as experimental objects to investigate which methods such as cognitive comprehensive test and crime plot test were more effective in identifying the role of informants in cases; experiment two was based on experiment one. Further study the two methods under the simulated crime paradigm to judge the crime group and innocent group which is more accurate. The experimental results show that there are obvious differences in the accuracy of the two methods, that is, the cognitive comprehensive test method can distinguish the case roles of the insiders more effectively. Furthermore, using the cognitive comprehensive test method and the crime plot test method to compare the test accuracy of the three kinds of case roles, in the simulated theft paradigm, There was no significant difference between the cognitive comprehensive test method and the crime circumstances test method, and the accuracy of the cognitive comprehensive test on the role of the informant was significantly higher than that of the crime scenario test. There is a significant difference in the accuracy of the innocent case role test.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃政法学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D918

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