法医病理学案例研究报告及综述
发布时间：2018-09-11 09:08
【摘要】：目的:本文对本教研室1999年～2008年2313例案件进行统计学分析,以期发现不同死因案例所占比重及其变化规律,不同性别及年龄中各种死因的分布情况,并以个案分析为手段,浅议各种案例的法医学鉴定要点与研究进展。 材料与方法:收集华中科技大学同济医学院法医学系法医病理教研室1999年～2008年实际检案2313例的详细资料,应用一般统计学方法,对上述资料进行统计学分析。从前五类案例中各筛选出1～2例具有代表性的案例进行推理分析或试验研究。 结果: 2313例案例中,各种死因案例数量排序为:疾病死亡机械性损伤中毒机械性窒息不明原因死亡高低温损伤。疾病死亡中心血管系统疾病死亡占43%,机械性损伤中颅脑损伤占55%。同一死因案例占各年份案例总数的比例无显著性差异。男性死亡案例中,机械性损伤和高低温损伤所占比例高于女性,机械性窒息和中毒所占比例低于女性。21岁以上各年龄组死因排序基本相同,～10岁年龄组机械性窒息案例较多,而机械性损伤案例较少。不同死因案例鉴定要点各不相同,鉴定程序及方法大体相同,但各有侧重。学科交叉及新技术的应用给法医病理学检案带来了许多有效的辅助检测方法。 结论: 1.病死依然是我单位法医病理死亡案例的第一死因,不同性别死亡案例中,同种死因所占构成比存在差异。推测今后几年内,我单位各类死因案件的比例将持续稳定。新生儿羊水吸入性窒息案例较多,应引起法医及妇产工作者注意。2.不同死因的案例在法医病理学鉴定中,要结合自身特点,严格排除性诊断,重视临床检验与分子遗传学检验方法。应用分子遗传学对部分猝死案例进行研究是探讨其死亡机制的有效手段。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze 2313 cases in our teaching and research department from 1999 to 2008 in order to find out the proportion of different causes of death and their changes, and to find out the distribution of different causes of death in different sex and age. Brief discussion on the main points and Research Progress of Forensic Medicine Appraisal in various cases. Materials and methods: 2313 cases were collected from Department of Forensic Pathology Department of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from 1999 to 2008. Twelve representative cases were selected from each of the first five cases for reasoning analysis or experimental study. Results: among the 2313 cases, the number of death causes was in the order of disease death, mechanical injury, poisoning, mechanical asphyxia, unknown cause of death, high and low temperature injury. Cardiovascular diseases accounted for 43 deaths and craniocerebral injuries accounted for 55. There was no significant difference in the proportion of cases of the same cause of death to the total number of cases in each year. Among male death cases, the proportion of mechanical injury and high hypothermia injury was higher than that of female, and the proportion of mechanical asphyxia and poisoning was lower than that of female. There were fewer cases of mechanical injury. The main points of identification of different cause of death are different, the procedures and methods of identification are the same, but they have different emphases. The application of interdisciplinary and new technology has brought many effective assistant detection methods to forensic pathology. Conclusion: 1. Disease and death is still the first cause of death in forensic pathology cases in our unit. The proportion of the same cause of death is different in different sex death cases. It is speculated that in the next few years, the proportion of various causes of death in our unit will continue to be stable. There are more cases of neonatal amniotic fluid aspiration asphyxia, which should attract the attention of forensic and obstetrics. The cases of different causes of death in forensic pathology identification should be combined with their own characteristics, strict exclusion of diagnosis, emphasis on clinical testing and molecular genetic testing methods. Molecular genetics is an effective method to study some cases of sudden death.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D919
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze 2313 cases in our teaching and research department from 1999 to 2008 in order to find out the proportion of different causes of death and their changes, and to find out the distribution of different causes of death in different sex and age. Brief discussion on the main points and Research Progress of Forensic Medicine Appraisal in various cases. Materials and methods: 2313 cases were collected from Department of Forensic Pathology Department of Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from 1999 to 2008. Twelve representative cases were selected from each of the first five cases for reasoning analysis or experimental study. Results: among the 2313 cases, the number of death causes was in the order of disease death, mechanical injury, poisoning, mechanical asphyxia, unknown cause of death, high and low temperature injury. Cardiovascular diseases accounted for 43 deaths and craniocerebral injuries accounted for 55. There was no significant difference in the proportion of cases of the same cause of death to the total number of cases in each year. Among male death cases, the proportion of mechanical injury and high hypothermia injury was higher than that of female, and the proportion of mechanical asphyxia and poisoning was lower than that of female. There were fewer cases of mechanical injury. The main points of identification of different cause of death are different, the procedures and methods of identification are the same, but they have different emphases. The application of interdisciplinary and new technology has brought many effective assistant detection methods to forensic pathology. Conclusion: 1. Disease and death is still the first cause of death in forensic pathology cases in our unit. The proportion of the same cause of death is different in different sex death cases. It is speculated that in the next few years, the proportion of various causes of death in our unit will continue to be stable. There are more cases of neonatal amniotic fluid aspiration asphyxia, which should attract the attention of forensic and obstetrics. The cases of different causes of death in forensic pathology identification should be combined with their own characteristics, strict exclusion of diagnosis, emphasis on clinical testing and molecular genetic testing methods. Molecular genetics is an effective method to study some cases of sudden death.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D919
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