我国鉴定人制度研究

发布时间：2018-10-15 20:03

【摘要】： 随着科学技术的不断发展,现实中遇到高科技的纠纷或者依靠高科技的手段解决问题的状况逐渐增多,比如说,环境污染、医疗事故、交通事故等由鉴定人出现在诉讼活动中的情况也时有发生。司法鉴定制度是司法制度的重要组成部分,鉴定人制度是司法鉴定制度的核心,是改革的重要环节之一。司法公正和法治理念的不断追求和推广,使得我国的鉴定活动面临着进一步的改革与完善,事实上这也为开辟我国司法鉴定制度改革广阔的新局面迈出了一大步。每一个国家的诉讼中鉴定活动都是一个非常重要的程序,虽然学者们对我国现行的鉴定体制的争论已经存在很长时间,但是在司法实践中鉴定人的重要意义是显而易见的。在审判中,作为科学含量较高又比较公正的鉴定结论的正确运用除了需要鉴定技术、鉴定客体、鉴定体制、鉴定设备等一些要件外,还需要鉴定人制度自身的公正性、科学性。笔者在广泛收集国内外有关鉴定人制度资料的基础上用比较的方法分析了两大法系国家鉴定制度的特点、利弊及发展的共同趋势,用实证的方法分析了我国鉴定人制度的立法及运作特点,对我国鉴定人制度存在的主要问题提出一些建议,提出了完善我国鉴定人制度的具体措施,希望能够为我国鉴定人制度的改革提供一些理论依据和制度依据,从而为扭正我国鉴定活动的混乱局面和实现司法的权威性和公正性出一份力。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of science and technology, the actual situation of meeting high-tech disputes or relying on high-tech means to solve problems is gradually increasing. For example, environmental pollution, medical malpractice, Traffic accidents and so on by the expert appear in litigation activities also occur from time to time. The system of judicial identification is an important part of the judicial system, and the system of authenticator is the core of the system of judicial identification and one of the important links of the reform. The constant pursuit and popularization of the concept of judicial justice and the rule of law make the appraisal activities in our country face further reform and perfection. In fact, this has also taken a big step forward in opening up a new situation of the broad reform of the judicial expertise system in our country. The appraisal activity in every country is a very important procedure. Although scholars have been arguing about the current appraisal system of our country for a long time, the significance of the appraiser is obvious in the judicial practice. In the trial, the correct application of the appraisal conclusion, which has a higher scientific content and more justice, requires not only the identification technology, the object, the system and the equipment, but also the justice and scientific nature of the expert system itself. Based on the extensive collection of relevant experts' system data at home and abroad, the author analyzes the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of the appraisal system in the two major legal systems and the common trend of its development by means of comparative methods. This paper analyzes the legislative and operational characteristics of the system of experts in China by using the empirical method, puts forward some suggestions on the main problems existing in the system of experts in our country, and puts forward some concrete measures to perfect the system of experts in our country. It is hoped that it can provide some theoretical and institutional basis for the reform of the appraiser system in our country, thus contributing to the correction of the chaotic situation of our country's appraisal activities and the realization of the authority and impartiality of the judiciary.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D918.9

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