基于X射线透视成像的爆炸物检测方法

发布时间：2018-10-26 20:18

【摘要】：X射线安检机是目前公共场所使用最广泛的安全检查设备,它有着高效、准确且经济等优点。安全检查的目的是防止爆炸物、管制刀具和枪支等危险品进入公共场所,危害公众安全。管制刀具和枪支均可通过其外形检测出来,爆炸物则因其易伪装和易隐藏的特点较难被发现,故安检机中爆炸物检测尤为重要。本研究以爆炸物检测为主要目的,采用双能X射线透射法进行物质分类,并结合X射线能谱信息进一步分析透射衰减数据特征。X射线照射至物体时发生光电效应和康普顿散射等作用,在能量较低的范围内光电效应占主导,表现为X射线发生衰减。因此,本文选择X射线透射衰减信息作为主要研究内容。通过分析X射线与物质作用的衰减特性,并结合爆炸物质的共同属性,选择恰当的特征值作为判别物质属性的依据。双能X射线透射法建立高、低能透射衰减值与物质的等效原子序数之间的联系、计算物体的等效原子序数,进而判别不同种类的物质。X射线能谱分析法可对具体能量级X光子的分布和穿透物体后的衰减情况进行详细分析,提供更加细致和全面的衰减信息。具体能级的X光子分布和变化趋势符合双能透射方法中采用的原理,X射线能谱信息可以辅助双能透射衰减法精确地对物质进行分类。通过将双能X射线透射数据与能谱信息结合在一起进行分析,验证了X射线透射法判别物质属性的正确性。因此,高、低能透射衰减值作为物质分类特征值是有效的,通过物质分类达到爆炸物检测目的的双能透射衰减法的结果准确。
[Abstract]:X-ray safety inspection machine is the most widely used safety inspection equipment in public places at present. It has the advantages of high efficiency, accuracy and economy. Safety checks are designed to prevent explosives, dangerous goods such as knives and guns from entering public places and endanger public safety. The controlled knives and guns can be detected by their appearance, but the explosives are difficult to be found because of their easy camouflage and easy hiding, so the detection of explosives is particularly important in the security inspection machine. In this study, the main purpose of this study is to detect explosives and to classify materials by means of dual-energy X-ray transmission. The characteristics of transmission attenuation data are further analyzed according to the X-ray energy spectrum information. The photoelectric effect and Compton scattering occur when the X-ray irradiation occurs to the object. The photoelectric effect dominates in the lower energy range, and the X-ray attenuation occurs. Therefore, the information of X-ray transmission attenuation is chosen as the main research content in this paper. By analyzing the attenuation characteristics of the interaction between X ray and matter and combining the common properties of explosive materials, the proper eigenvalues are selected as the basis for judging the properties of matter. The double energy X-ray transmission method is used to establish the relation between the high and low energy transmission attenuation values and the equivalent atomic number of matter, and to calculate the equivalent atomic number of the object. X-ray energy spectrum analysis can be used to analyze the distribution of X-ray photons of specific energy level and the attenuation of penetrating objects in detail, and to provide more detailed and comprehensive attenuation information. The X-photon distribution and variation trend of specific energy levels are in accordance with the principle adopted in the dual-energy transmission method. The X-ray energy spectrum information can assist the dual-energy transmission attenuation method to classify materials accurately. By combining the dual energy X-ray transmission data with the energy spectrum information, the correctness of the X-ray transmission method is verified. Therefore, the high and low energy transmission attenuation values are effective as the material classification eigenvalues, and the results of the dual-energy transmission attenuation method, which can achieve the purpose of explosive detection by material classification, are accurate.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O434.19;D631.44

【相似文献】