珠江三角洲猪尸体上昆虫群落的演替及其对法医学中死亡时间推断的指示意义

发布时间：2018-10-31 14:42

【摘要】：为了解决刑事案件中死者死亡时间推断的难题,不同季节野外环境用18头猪尸体做模拟材料观察和筛选对推断死亡时间高度准确的昆虫指标。结果表明,幼虫开始出现时间、幼虫开始爬离时间、大部分幼虫爬离尸体的时间、开始化蛹的时间、大部分幼虫化蛹的时间、开始羽化的时间、羽化结束的时间等若干昆虫指标比较敏感且稳定可用作死亡时间的精确推断。在珠江三角洲春季、夏季及秋季尸体腐败很快,分别在259±23,202±18,277±20h进入白骨化期,而冬季则时间较长,约经过1297±63h才进入白骨化期。大约有47种嗜尸性昆虫在尸体生态环境出现,大多数种类全年可见,尸体上的昆虫群落的优势种为大头金蝇Chrysomya megacephala、绯颜裸金蝇Achoetandrus rufifacies及厚环黑蝇Hydrotaea(Ophyra)spinigera。蝇类昆虫在尸体上只能大规模繁殖一代尸体即白骨化。根据以上结果可确定一些可用于死亡时间推断的关键时间点。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of estimating the time of death of the dead in criminal cases, 18 pig carcasses were used in different seasons to observe and screen the highly accurate insect indexes for estimating the time of death in different seasons. The results show that the larva begins to appear, the larva begins to climb away, most of the larvae climb away from the body, the time of pupation, the time of most larva pupation, the time of emergence. Some insect indexes, such as the end time of emergence, are sensitive and stable, which can be used to estimate the time of death. In the Pearl River Delta, the corpses decay quickly in spring, summer and autumn, entering the period of albinism at 259 卤23202 卤18277 卤20h, while in winter it is longer, and it takes about 1297 卤63h to enter the period of ossification. About 47 species of necrophilic insects are found in the cadaveric ecological environment, most of which are found throughout the year. The dominant species of insect communities on cadavers are Achoetandrus rufifacies and Hydrotaea (Ophyra) spinigera.. Fly insects can only massively reproduce a generation of cadavers, known as ossification. Based on the above results, some critical time points can be determined for estimating the time of death.
【作者单位】：广东警官学院刑事技术系广州市公安局广州市公安局广州市公安局中山市公安局中山市公安局中山市公安局广东警官学院刑事技术系
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(30100216) 广东省自然科学基金(001386,06011661) 公安部创新应用项目中山市科委基金
【分类号】：D919.4

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