走出农民市民化的困境:户籍与土地管理制度创新

发布时间：2018-11-03 10:00

【摘要】：目前,我国农民市民化遇到的困境主要有二:一是如何将粘附在户籍上面的福利功能剥离出来,二是如何将粘附在土地上的保障功能剥离出来。要走出这两大困境,一是可通过政府土地财政解决进城农民的公共服务均等化问题,而不是首先考虑由此产生的成本在政府、企业与个人之间如何分担的问题;二是要修改现行的土地法律,允许农民进城转为市民后放弃土地耕种但可不放弃土地权益,即"放土不放权",而不是象有些地方把农民放弃土地权益作为置换城市户口的前提。为此,笔者建议在长三角率先试行让农民宅基地指标随人口流动而流动的改革,通过建立宅基地指标库,把增加城市建设用地量与增加农民工落户数量挂钩,并允许农民用宅基地置换城市住房。
[Abstract]:At present, there are two main difficulties encountered by farmers in China: first, how to peel off the welfare function attached to the household registration, and second, how to peel out the security function that adheres to the land. To get out of these two difficulties, one is to solve the problem of equalization of public services of peasants in cities through the government land finance, rather than to consider the cost of the costs in the government, enterprises and individuals how to share; Second, it is necessary to amend the existing land laws to allow farmers to give up land cultivation after they have gone to town to become citizens, but they may not give up their land rights and interests, that is, "releasing soil and not releasing power." It is not, as in some places, that farmers give up their land rights as a prerequisite for replacing urban hukou. Therefore, the author suggests that in the Yangtze River Delta, we should take the lead in trying out the reform of letting farmers' homestead index flow along with the population flow. By establishing the homestead index bank, we can link the increase of urban construction land use with the increase of the number of migrant workers settling down. And allow farmers to replace urban housing with homestead.
【作者单位】：江苏师范大学商学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“长三角统筹户籍与土地管理制度改革研究”(项目号:2011BJL034) 江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“江苏缩小城乡居民收入差距的路径与对策研究”(2012ZDAXM009)阶段性成果
【分类号】：D422.6;D631.42;F321.1

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