女性犯罪分析及预防

发布时间：2018-11-17 18:04

【摘要】：犯罪作为一种严重危害社会的活动,一直以来备受关注,而女性犯罪作为一种社会现象早已存在,国内外理论也对其都有一定的研究。我国改革开放以来,非常重视对犯罪的打击,因为其关系着社会的稳定,无论是男性犯罪还是女性犯罪都有非常严重的社会危害性,在理论及司法实践中很少从性别角度去分析犯罪的特点,尤其对女性作为犯罪主体缺乏一定的关注。受中国传统文化的影响以及性别差异的影响,男性犯罪比例始终高于女性,但不能忽视的是,随着现代化的发展,我国虽然在提倡男女平等且越来越注重保护女性权益,但女性犯罪的比例始终在逐年上升。这需要我们引起高度重视,密切关注女性犯罪的成因,及时建立有效的预防体系,保障女性权利,预防女性犯罪。本文主要分三个部分对女性犯罪进行研究。第一部分是对女性犯罪的理论概述。首先,介绍何为女性犯罪。从犯罪的定义着手,犯罪存在实质意义上的犯罪和形式意义上的犯罪之分,因此可以对女性犯罪分别从形式意义上的女性犯罪与实质意义上的女性犯罪进行定义,而根据罪行法定原则,本文研究的主要是形式意义上即刑法规定的女性犯罪。其次,结合学者不同的观点分析我国女性犯罪有何特点并最终归纳总结。最后,分析我国女性主要存在哪些种类,主要将其概括为,财产类、侵权类、涉毒类、色情类犯罪。第二部分分析女性犯罪的主要现状和主要原因。首先介绍我国女性犯罪的现状和发展趋势;其次主要从宏观和微观两个层面分析导致女性犯罪的主要成因,在宏观层面主要是社会发展和社会文化对女性犯罪的影响,在微观层面主要是家庭、学校、个人对女性犯罪的影响。第三部分提出对女性犯罪预防的完善建议。根据犯罪预防的基本理论可以将犯罪预防分为一般预防和特殊预防,因此本文主要从这两个方面提出预防女性犯罪的建议。在一般预防方面,主要从观念引导女性社会角色变化、政策促进保护女性社会安全感、法律威慑女性实施犯罪的社会可能性,在特殊预防方面主要是强化对女犯的思想和观念改造、关注女犯的就业和生活等方面。犯罪是影响社会安定、健康发展的重要因素,无论是男性犯罪还是女性犯罪都具有极强的社会危害性。不容置疑的是女性犯罪是一个可能会影响到社会持续稳定发展的重要问题,女性主体在当前社会角色中扮演着与过去完全不同的社会角色,具有新的时代特点,伴随女性犯罪比例的日益增高,打击女性犯罪,合理有效预防女性犯罪已经刻不容缓,这就需要我们对女性犯罪从理论与实践方面对其高度重视。本文希望通过对女性犯罪进行研究,建立完善的预防女性犯罪制度体系,保障女性的社会权利,确保社会秩序稳定、健康持续发展。
[Abstract]:Crime as a serious harm to society activities, has been paid attention to, and female crime as a social phenomenon has already existed, and domestic and foreign theories have also studied it. Since the reform and opening up, our country has attached great importance to the crackdown on crime, because it is related to the stability of the society. Both male and female crimes have very serious social harmfulness. In theory and judicial practice, the characteristics of crime are seldom analyzed from the angle of gender, especially for women as the subject of crime. Under the influence of Chinese traditional culture and gender difference, the proportion of men committing crimes is always higher than that of women. However, with the development of modernization, although China is advocating equality between men and women and paying more and more attention to the protection of women's rights and interests, But the proportion of female crime has been rising year by year. This requires us to pay close attention to the causes of female crime, to establish an effective prevention system in time, to protect women's rights and to prevent female crime. This article mainly divides into three parts carries on the research to the female crime. The first part is the theoretical overview of female crime. First of all, introduce what is a female crime. Starting from the definition of crime, there are two kinds of crimes in essence and form, so we can define the female crime in the formal sense and the female crime in the substantive sense. According to the legal principle of crime, this article mainly studies the female crime in the formal sense, that is, the criminal law. Secondly, the author analyzes the characteristics of female crime in China from different perspectives and concludes it. Finally, it analyzes the main types of women in China, mainly summarized as property, tort, drug-related, pornographic crimes. The second part analyzes the main status quo and main reasons of female crime. Firstly, it introduces the present situation and development trend of female crime in China. Secondly, the main causes of female crime are analyzed from the macro and micro levels. At the macro level, it is mainly the influence of social development and social culture on female crime, and at the micro level, it is mainly family and school. The influence of individuals on female crime. The third part puts forward the perfect suggestion to the female crime prevention. According to the basic theory of crime prevention, crime prevention can be divided into general prevention and special prevention. In the general aspect of prevention, the social role of women is mainly guided by the concept, the policy promotes the protection of sense of security, and the social possibility of women committing crimes is deterred by law. In the aspect of special prevention, it is mainly to strengthen the transformation of women prisoners' thoughts and concepts, and pay attention to the employment and life of women prisoners. Crime is an important factor affecting social stability and healthy development, both male crime and female crime have strong social harmfulness. There is no doubt that female crime is an important issue that may affect the sustainable and stable development of society. The female subject plays a completely different social role from the past in the current social role and has the new characteristics of the times. With the increasing proportion of female crime, it is urgent to crack down on female crime and prevent female crime reasonably and effectively, which requires us to attach great importance to female crime in theory and practice. This paper hopes to establish a perfect system of preventing female crime, to ensure the social rights of women, to ensure the stability of social order and healthy and sustainable development through the study of female crime.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.68;D917.6

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