侦查策略合法性的理论界限和实践运用

发布时间：2018-12-10 22:02

【摘要】： 侦查策略是指侦查主体为了达到一定的侦查目标,在实施侦查行为的过程中对一定的侦查对象(人、物、场所)而采取的合法而灵活有效的方法。每个案件的侦查都有侦查策略的设计和运用。在实践中,由于没有统一的判断标准,侦查策略的合法性往往存在争议。对侦查策略合法性的理论界限进行系统研究,对于判断侦查策略的合法与否,顺利推进侦查工作以及在刑事司法中正确评判证据的合法性都具有一定的指导意义。本文试图从寻找各种侦查策略合法性标准的共同性出发,厘清侦查策略合法性的理论界限,进而对各种典型的侦查策略的实践运用进行考察,以期丰富侦查策略理论。全文共包含三个部分,大约四万二千字。第一个部分主要探讨侦查策略合法性的概念。该部分从分析侦查策略的概念入手,分析了侦查策略的基本特征,界定侦查策略的内涵。在此基础上区分了侦查策略与侦查措施。对合法性,本文从“什么是法”这一问题入手,进而在借用政治学、法学、法哲学等学科的合法性概念的基础上,界定本论文中的合法性概念,并区分合法性与正当性,进一步分析了侦查策略合法性的内容,亦即合法性的评价标准,有哲学评价、法学评价等。第二个部分研究侦查策略合法性的理论界限。由于在法律层面上缺乏侦查策略的直接规定,因此在研究侦查策略合法性理论界限时不应局限于法律层面,而应有更为广阔的视野,得出既符合法律的基本精神和原则,又能有效推进侦查的理论支撑。在法律界限方面,侦查策略的设计和运用需要满足主体合法、手段合法。手段合法主要包括禁止采用可能导致获得虚假证据的策略、禁止违反宪法和法律的规定实施侦查策略、禁止侵害相对人意志自由权的侦查策略以及侦查策略手段节制。在科学评价标准方面,侦查策略应当具有有效性经济性。此外,侦查策略合法性标准还有道德界限。第三个部分研究侦查策略合法性的实践运用。侦查策略按照不同的标准可以分为不同的类型。刑事诉讼法中明确规定,但在实践中广泛运用的威胁、引诱、欺骗型策略在运用中对其合法性的把握各有其标准。学理上的侦查策略主要有询问证人、讯问犯罪嫌疑人、诱惑侦查、控制下交付和秘密侦查等。这几种侦查策略在实践中广泛运用,并且合法性的判断争议大,没有统一的标准,具有典型性,有必要分别进行研究。
[Abstract]:Investigation strategy refers to the lawful and flexible and effective method adopted by the subject of investigation in order to achieve a certain object of investigation in the course of carrying out the investigation behavior (person, object, place). The investigation of each case has the design and application of investigation strategy. In practice, the legality of investigation strategy is often disputed due to the lack of uniform judgment standard. The systematic study on the theoretical limits of the legality of investigation strategy has certain guiding significance for judging the legality of investigation strategy, advancing the investigation work smoothly and correctly judging the legality of evidence in criminal justice. This paper tries to clarify the theoretical limits of the legality of investigation strategies from the point of seeking the commonality of the standards of legality of various investigative strategies, and then to investigate the practical application of various typical investigative strategies in order to enrich the theory of investigation strategies. The paper consists of three parts, about 42000 words. The first part mainly discusses the concept of investigation strategy legality. This part begins with the analysis of the concept of investigation strategy, analyzes the basic characteristics of investigation strategy, and defines the connotation of investigation strategy. On this basis, the investigation strategy and investigative measures are distinguished. As to legitimacy, this paper starts with the question of "what is law", and then, on the basis of borrowing the concepts of legitimacy of political science, philosophy of law and so on, defines the concept of legitimacy in this paper, and distinguishes between legitimacy and legitimacy. The content of the legality of investigation strategy is further analyzed, that is, the evaluation standard of legality, the evaluation of philosophy, the evaluation of law and so on. The second part studies the theoretical limits of investigation strategy legality. Because of the lack of direct regulation of investigation strategy on the legal level, therefore, in the study of the limits of the theoretical circle of the legality of investigation strategy, it should not be limited to the legal level, but should have a broader vision, which is in line with the basic spirit and principles of the law. And can effectively promote the theoretical support of investigation. In the legal boundary, the design and application of investigation strategy need to meet the legal subject and legal means. Legal means mainly include prohibiting the use of tactics that may lead to false evidence, prohibiting the enforcement of investigative strategies against the provisions of the Constitution and the law, prohibiting investigative strategies that infringe upon the right of the relative person to freedom of will and abstinence of investigative tactics. In the aspect of scientific evaluation standard, investigation strategy should be effective and economical. In addition, the legality standard of investigation strategy also has the moral limit. The third part studies the practice and application of investigation strategy legality. Investigation strategies can be divided into different types according to different standards. It is clearly stipulated in the Criminal procedure Law, but widely used in practice, such as threats, lures and deceptions, has its own standards in the application of its legality. The investigative strategies mainly include questioning witnesses, interrogating criminal suspects, enticing investigation, controlled delivery and secret investigation. These investigation strategies are widely used in practice, and the judgment of legality is controversial, there is no uniform standard, it is typical, it is necessary to study separately.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D631.2

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