结果加重犯在共同参与中的归责问题研究

发布时间：2019-05-11 08:52

【摘要】：共同犯罪以引起构成要件结果的共同行为为成立前提。加重结果作为结果加重犯的构成要件要素,应当是结果加重犯的共犯判断基准。因此,在过失引起加重结果的场合,结果加重犯的共犯成否决定于过失共犯的成否。我国刑法规定过失共犯不是共同犯罪,因此,结果加重犯的共犯无法成立。但是,根据结果加重犯的基本构造,可以对基本犯的共同参与人进行个别化归责:其一,对于法定刑不严厉的结果加重犯,在引起加重结果的参与行为成立过失正犯的场合,可认定结果加重犯的同时犯。其二,对于法定刑严厉的结果加重犯,只有在参与行为具有引起加重结果的特殊危险及该危险直接现实化为加重结果的场合,才可以成立结果加重犯的单独正犯。其三,在基本犯的教唆、帮助行为过失引起加重结果的场合,有可能成立狭义共犯的结果加重犯。但是,教唆、帮助行为对于基本行为的特殊危险及其现实化应当有明显的贡献,而且,共犯人应当认识到特殊危险赖以存在的基础事实。
[Abstract]:The joint crime is based on the joint act which causes the result of the constituent elements. As the constituent element of the aggravated crime of the result, the aggravated result should be the judgment benchmark of the accomplice of the aggravated crime of the result. Therefore, in the case of aggravated result caused by negligence, whether the accomplice of aggravated result depends on whether the accomplice of negligence is successful or not. The criminal law of our country stipulates that negligent accomplice is not a joint crime, therefore, the accomplice of aggravated crime cannot be established. However, according to the basic structure of the aggravated crime of the result, the co-participants of the basic crime can be individualized and imputed: first, for the aggravated crime caused by the statutory punishment, in the case of the establishment of the principal offender of negligence in the act of participation in the act of aggravating the result, The resulting aggravated crime may be determined to be committed at the same time. Second, for the aggravated result crime with severe legal punishment, only when the participation behavior has the special risk of causing the aggravated result and the risk is directly realistic into the aggravated result, can the individual principal offender of the aggravated result crime be established. Thirdly, on the occasion that the instigation of the basic crime and the aggravating result caused by the negligence of the aiding act, it is possible to establish the aggravating crime of the narrow sense of accomplice. However, instigation, aiding and aiding should make an obvious contribution to the special danger of basic act and its realization, and the accomplice should realize the basic facts on which the special danger exists.
【作者单位】：杭州师范大学沈钧儒法学院;
【基金】：浙江省高校重大人文社科项目攻关计划项目资助(2014QN042)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D917

【参考文献】