从组织社会学看黑社会性质组织的组织特征
发布时间：2019-07-07 19:52
【摘要】： “黑社会性质组织”这一概念是我国刑法所独创,但刑法和相关法律解释对黑社会性质组织的特征尤其是组织特征却描述地过于抽象和模糊,以致理论界和司法实践界在黑社会性质组织的认定上一直争议不断。正是由于在立法上缺乏一套具有可操作性的量化标准,导致司法实践中很难做到对黑社会性质组织的组织特征进行准确把握,极易将其与相关概念混淆。 针对上述问题,学术界很多学者试图从所谓的“立法原意”中去探寻黑社会性质组织的组织特征的内涵,进而统一学术界对该问题的认识,但大都效果甚微。究其因,主要在于现实中黑社会性质组织的表现形式复杂多样,再加之学者各自观察的角度和理解的深度各有不同,以致他们在探求所谓的“立法原意”的同时,自觉不自觉地加入了自身的主观判断。事实上,立法者自身在黑社会性质组织的概念和组织特征的认识上亦是模糊的,单从所谓的“立法原意”去探求黑社会性质组织的内涵和组织特征是很难实现预期目标的。因此,有必要跳出以往的思维屏障,大胆地回到组织社会学中去探寻黑社会性质组织的组织特征的认定标准。为此,须从组织社会学学科内挖掘出一套描述黑社会性质组织的组织特征的概念体系,它们分别由组织目标、组织结构、组织规模和组织过程四大类概念构成。此套概念是文中描述黑社会性质组织的组织社会学特征、司法机关在认定黑社会性质组织组织特征认定上的分歧以及黑社会性质组织的组织特征的认定标准的基本元素。文中首先在两个个案中描述了黑社会性质组织的组织社会学特征以及司法机关在黑社会性质组织的组织特征认定上的分歧,然后总结出黑社会性质组织的组织特征的认定标准,最后用该套标准将黑社会性质组织与黑恶势力及普通犯罪集团等相关概念进行区分。
[Abstract]:The concept of "underworld organization" was originally created by the criminal law of our country, but the characteristics of the underworld organization, especially the organizational characteristics, are so abstract and vague that the theoretical circle and the judicial practice circle have been controversial on the identification of the underworld organization. It is precisely because of the lack of a set of operable quantitative standards in legislation that it is difficult to accurately grasp the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations in judicial practice and easily confuse them with related concepts. In view of the above problems, many scholars in academic circles try to explore the connotation of the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations from the so-called "legislative intent", and then unify the academic understanding of this problem, but most of them have little effect. The main reason lies in the complexity and diversity of the forms of underworld organizations in reality, and the different angles of observation and the depth of understanding of scholars, so that they consciously join their own subjective judgment while exploring the so-called "original intention of legislation". In fact, the legislator's own understanding of the concept and organizational characteristics of underworld organizations is also vague. It is difficult to achieve the expected goals by simply exploring the connotation and organizational characteristics of underworld organizations from the so-called "legislative intent". Therefore, it is necessary to jump out of the previous thinking barrier and boldly return to organizational sociology to explore the criteria for the identification of the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations. Therefore, it is necessary to excavate a set of conceptual systems to describe the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations from the subject of organizational sociology, which are composed of four categories of concepts: organizational objectives, organizational structure, organizational scale and organizational process. This set of concepts is the basic element of describing the organizational sociological characteristics of underworld organizations, the differences in the identification of the characteristics of triad organizations by judicial organs, and the basic elements of the criteria for the identification of organizational characteristics of underworld organizations. In this paper, the organizational sociological characteristics of underworld organizations and the differences of judicial organs on the identification of organizational characteristics of underworld organizations are described in two cases, and then the criteria for identifying the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations are summarized. Finally, the related concepts such as underworld organizations, black and evil forces and ordinary criminal groups are distinguished by this set of standards.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D917.3
[Abstract]:The concept of "underworld organization" was originally created by the criminal law of our country, but the characteristics of the underworld organization, especially the organizational characteristics, are so abstract and vague that the theoretical circle and the judicial practice circle have been controversial on the identification of the underworld organization. It is precisely because of the lack of a set of operable quantitative standards in legislation that it is difficult to accurately grasp the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations in judicial practice and easily confuse them with related concepts. In view of the above problems, many scholars in academic circles try to explore the connotation of the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations from the so-called "legislative intent", and then unify the academic understanding of this problem, but most of them have little effect. The main reason lies in the complexity and diversity of the forms of underworld organizations in reality, and the different angles of observation and the depth of understanding of scholars, so that they consciously join their own subjective judgment while exploring the so-called "original intention of legislation". In fact, the legislator's own understanding of the concept and organizational characteristics of underworld organizations is also vague. It is difficult to achieve the expected goals by simply exploring the connotation and organizational characteristics of underworld organizations from the so-called "legislative intent". Therefore, it is necessary to jump out of the previous thinking barrier and boldly return to organizational sociology to explore the criteria for the identification of the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations. Therefore, it is necessary to excavate a set of conceptual systems to describe the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations from the subject of organizational sociology, which are composed of four categories of concepts: organizational objectives, organizational structure, organizational scale and organizational process. This set of concepts is the basic element of describing the organizational sociological characteristics of underworld organizations, the differences in the identification of the characteristics of triad organizations by judicial organs, and the basic elements of the criteria for the identification of organizational characteristics of underworld organizations. In this paper, the organizational sociological characteristics of underworld organizations and the differences of judicial organs on the identification of organizational characteristics of underworld organizations are described in two cases, and then the criteria for identifying the organizational characteristics of underworld organizations are summarized. Finally, the related concepts such as underworld organizations, black and evil forces and ordinary criminal groups are distinguished by this set of standards.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D917.3
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