试论美国商标法中的反向假冒制度

发布时间：2018-03-06 10:33

本文选题：商标　切入点：反向假冒　出处：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：商标反向假冒是指未经商标权人同意,擅自将他人合法贴附于商品上的商标撤换或去除,然后将该商品投入市场的行为。我国对商标反向假冒的研究源于1994年发生的“枫叶”诉“鳄鱼”案。由于当时法律对此没有规定,法院在审理此类案件时陷入了无法可依的尴尬局面。2001年我国修订《商标法》后,首次明确了对商标反向假冒行为的规制。但是由于新《商标法》中有关商标反向假冒的规定仍有不完善之处,相关法律对商标反向假冒行为的规定也不健全,因此我国尚未建立一套较为完善的商标反向假冒制度。美国是世界上反向假冒判例和理论最为发达的国家,其法院经过一个世纪的与反向假冒的斗争,目前已经形成了较为完善的商标反向假冒制度。研究美国商标法中的反向假冒制度,尤其是商标反向假冒的判例发展和理论发展,并从中总结和借鉴有益的经验,对于完善我国商标反向假冒制度具有重要的意义。本文共分为四部分:第一部分为商标反向假冒概述。该部分以美国法视角为主,介绍了商标反向假冒的基本概念,表现形式及其起源,作为以下研究美国商标反向假冒制度的基础;第二部分为美国商标反向假冒的判例发展。该部分通过三则标志性案例以及若干辅助案例,详细介绍了美国商标反向假冒判例的早期发展,完善形成以及最新发展等三个重要阶段,并且通过对标志性案例的评析,总结出美国商标反向假冒的司法实践启示;第三部分为美国商标反向假冒的理论发展。该部分从商标反向假冒的理论基础出发,重点分析了商标反向假冒行为的构成要件和法律性质,并在此基础上对美国商标反向假冒的立法规制进行研究;第四部分为美国商标反向假冒制度对我国的借鉴意义。该部分首先介绍了我国商标反向假冒的立法现状,随后对我国商标反向假冒立法和司法实践中存在的问题进行了分析,最后提出我国应借鉴美国商标反向假冒制度中的有益经验,以完善我国商标反向假冒制度的一些粗浅建议。本文较为系统地考察了美国商标法中的反向假冒制度,详细梳理了其判例发展的三个重要阶段并且深入分析了其理论发展中的重要问题,最后指出我国商标反向假冒立法和司法实践中存在的问题,并提出了一些完善建议,以期对我国商标反向假冒制度的建立健全贡献出自己的微薄之力。
[Abstract]:Reverse counterfeiting of a trademark refers to the removal or removal of a trademark lawfully affixed to a commodity by another person without the consent of the trademark owner, Our country's research on reverse counterfeiting of trademark originates from the case of Maple Leaf v. Crocodile in 1994. When the court tried such cases, it was in an awkward situation that could not be followed. After China amended the Trademark Law in 2001, For the first time, the regulation of trademark reverse passing-off is clarified. However, as the provisions on trademark reverse passing-off in the new Trademark Law are still imperfect, the relevant laws also have imperfect provisions on trademark reverse passing-off. Therefore, China has not yet established a relatively complete system of reverse counterfeiting of trademarks. The United States is the most developed country in the world in cases and theories of reverse counterfeiting, and its courts have struggled with reverse counterfeiting for a century. At present, a relatively perfect trademark reverse passing off system has been formed. This paper studies the reverse passing off system in the trademark law of the United States, especially the development of the case law and the theoretical development of trademark reverse impersonation, and sums up and draws useful experience from it. It is of great significance to perfect the reverse counterfeiting system of trademark in our country. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is an overview of trademark reverse impersonation. As the basis of the following research on the reverse counterfeiting system in the United States; the second part is the development of the case of reverse counterfeiting in the United States. This part adopts three iconic cases as well as a number of supplementary cases. This paper introduces in detail the three important stages of American trademark reverse counterfeiting case, such as the early development, the perfect formation and the latest development, and summarizes the judicial enlightenment of the American trademark reverse counterfeiting through the analysis of the iconic cases. The third part is the theoretical development of trademark reverse impersonation in the United States. This part, based on the theoretical basis of trademark reverse passing-off, focuses on the analysis of the constitutive requirements and legal nature of trademark reverse passing-off. On the basis of this, the legislative regulation of trademark reverse passing-off in the United States is studied. The 4th part is the reference meaning of American trademark reverse passing off system to our country. This part first introduces the legislation status quo of trademark reverse passing off in our country. Then it analyzes the problems existing in the legislation and judicial practice of trademark reverse impersonation in our country, and finally puts forward that our country should draw lessons from the beneficial experience of American trademark reverse impersonation system in order to perfect the trademark reverse impersonation system of our country. This paper systematically investigates the reverse counterfeiting system in the trademark law of the United States, combs the three important stages of the development of its jurisprudence and analyzes the important problems in the development of its theory. Finally, this paper points out the problems existing in the legislation and judicial practice of trademark reverse counterfeiting in China, and puts forward some suggestions to improve the establishment and perfection of trademark reverse passing-off system in order to contribute to the establishment and perfection of trademark reverse passing-off system in our country.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：DD913;D971.2

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