民国时期典权制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-06 20:20

本文选题：典权　切入点：法律传统　出处：《河南大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文主要是以民国时期的典权制度作为研究对象。典权制度是中国所特有的传统财产法律制度,具有中华法系固有法律传统的特征。从典权制度的产生,发展,到最后的完善,几经周折。特别是民国时期对典权制度的改造,在吸收西方民法理论中积极因素的同时,尊重和保留典权制度中符合中国特色的法律传统,使典权这一富有中国特色的优秀制度重新焕发了生命力。除引言和结语外,整篇文章分为四部分: 第一部分主要介绍了典权的概念和性质,分析了典权制度产生的社会原因,并把典权制度与其他几个与之相类似的法律制度进行比较,来说明典权性质的特殊性。第二部分介绍了民国以前典权制度的发展史。典权从西汉时期在民间开始出现,经隋、唐时期的发展,到了宋代正式入律。随着明清时期商品经济的发展,法律对典权制度的规定也越来越细致。清末修律时期,由于清政府把典权制度误认为日本民法中的不动产质权,典权制度在法律上出现了暂时的迷失。第三部分重点论述了民国时期典权制度在法律上是如何被重新确立和完善的。由于清末修律时典权制度的迷失产生了一些消极后果,因此,在民国时期,北京政府和南京政府在制定民法时对典权制度进行了再认识,重新在民法物权篇中设置了典权制度。民国北京政府进行了一次规模空前的民事习惯调查,为制定民法典奠定了良好的基础。在编撰民法典的过程中,典权制度的制定借鉴了合理的民事习惯,改造了不符合社会发展的典权习惯。在法律与民事习惯的博弈中,典权制度得到了不断的完善。第四部分主要论述了民国典权制度对当代中国民法的影响,并揭示出典权制度的本身所体现的民族精神,从中思考如何正确对待民族固有的法律传统的问题。从《大清民律草案》中典权制度的迷失,到《民国民律草案》中典权的复归,再到《中华民国民法》中典权制度的渐趋完善,典权制度的发展,典权制度曲折的历史表明:在制定法律的过程中,不仅需要移植和借鉴国外先进的法律制度和法律文化,更需要尊重和继受中国优秀的法律传统和法律资源。
[Abstract]:This article mainly takes the pawn right system of the Republic of China as the research object.Pawn right system is a special traditional property legal system in China, which has the characteristics of Chinese legal system.From the emergence and development of pawning right system to the final perfection, there have been many twists and turns.Especially in the period of the Republic of China, the reform of the pawn right system, while absorbing the positive factors in the western civil law theory, respects and preserves the legal tradition of the pawning right system which conforms to the Chinese characteristics.So that the pawn right, a rich Chinese characteristics of the excellent system of fresh vitality.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the whole article is divided into four parts:The first part mainly introduces the concept and nature of pawning right, analyzes the social reasons for the emergence of pawn right system, and compares pawn right system with other similar legal systems to explain the particularity of pawn right.The second part introduces the history of the pawn right system before the Republic of China.The power of pawning began to appear in the folk during the Western Han Dynasty, after the development of Sui and Tang dynasties, to the Song Dynasty.With the development of commodity economy in Ming and Qing dynasties, the regulations of pawn right system are more and more detailed.In the late Qing Dynasty, because the Qing government mistook the pawning right system as the immovable property pledge right in the Japanese civil law, the pawning right system appeared temporarily lost in the law.The third part focuses on how the pawn right system was re-established and perfected in the Republic of China.Because of the loss of the pawn right system in the late Qing Dynasty, during the period of the Republic of China, the Beijing government and the Nanjing government reunderstood the pawn right system in the formulation of the civil law, and set up the pawn right system in the real right chapter of the civil law again.The Beijing government of the Republic of China carried out a civil custom survey of unprecedented scale, which laid a good foundation for the formulation of civil code.In the process of compiling civil code, the establishment of pawn right system draws lessons from reasonable civil custom and transforms the custom of pawn right which does not accord with the development of society.In the game of law and civil custom, pawn right system has been continuously improved.The fourth part mainly discusses the influence of the Republic of China's pawning right system on the contemporary Chinese civil law, and reveals the national spirit embodied in the pawning right system itself, from which to think about how to deal with the national inherent legal tradition correctly.From the loss of pawning right system in the draft of the Civil Law of the Qing Dynasty to the return of the pawning right in the draft Law of the Republic of China, to the gradual improvement of the pawning right system in the Civil Law of the Republic of China, the development of the pawn right system.The tortuous history of pawn right system shows that in the process of making laws, it is necessary not only to transplant and draw lessons from foreign advanced legal systems and cultures, but also to respect and continue to receive China's outstanding legal traditions and legal resources.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D923;D929

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