自然法的成长——吴经熊自然法思想述评

发布时间：2018-04-27 16:35

本文选题：吴经熊 + 自然法　；参考：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 吴经熊,这个响亮的名字或许是过去百年中为数不多甚至是唯一可以让中国人骄傲的法律人。20世纪20年代,他在美、德、法三国游学,师从惹尼(Gèny)、斯丹木拉、庞德,先后结交了霍姆斯、卡多佐、威格摩尔、马里旦,曾经担任过哈佛大学法学院的客座教授、夏威夷大学和新泽西州西东大学的法学教授。这样一位可以在美国法学界立足并与诸位法学大师建立深厚友谊的人也许能够为上述的疑问提供一种解答的思路。吴氏曾被喻为“作为东西方之间桥梁的人物”,试图以一己之力推动东西法律思想的交汇。吴氏曾以“the growing natural law”(在进化中的自然法)来概括自己的法律思想,精辟之处不言而喻。从吴氏的整个法学研究生涯来看,其自然法思想只是一个阶段性的产物,既非其终极思想,亦非他学术研究的最后归所。故而,称之为“吴氏晚期法律思想”并不恰当,与其混淆视听,不如正本清源,说得更为准确一些。之所以题为“自然法的成长”不过是借用吴氏自评中的“the growing natural law”,若要重述他的法学思想莫过于使用“the growth of natural law”为佳,故译为“自然法的成长”以求客观、真实地还原吴氏的自然法思想。无疑,吴氏的自然法思想是以托马斯·阿奎那的神学自然法学为蓝本,建筑于基督教义之上,其中“上帝”是永恒不灭的,其中的某些基本概念也是缘于对基督精神的感悟。一直以来,“正义”都是自然法学的重要研究对象。自古希腊以来,不同时代的自然法学家都对正义做出了不同解读,吴氏也不例外。在他看来,正义乃是法律大厦的基石,法律的价值、追求乃至实证主义法学与自然法学的争议都可在对正义的探讨中得以展现。能够得到历史验证的法学才是真正的法学思想,因而吴氏以基督教自然法分别对英美两国的普通法发展历史和中国过去千年的政治法律思想做出解读。尽管这两种解读的方法和立意有所不同,然而意在复兴自然法的努力却是殊途同归的。面对前人的法律思想,作为后世的法律人,或许最急于解答的还是“缘何中国法学经历了一百多年的发展仍没有人能跻身世界法学大师之列呢?”吴氏的法律思想在西方世界和中国大陆均未产生深刻的影响,但是作为一种国人尝试接近西方法学界的努力,吴氏还是给后世子孙留下了许多值得思考的东西。回眸中国法学的百年历史,真正成名成家者本就不多,如此热衷于沟通中西方文化的法学家可能也惟有吴氏一人。面对前人未尽的事业,这一创建享誉世界之“中国法学”的重任已经落在新一代法律人的肩上。
[Abstract]:Wu Jingxiong, this resounding name may be one of the few or even the only legal men in the last hundred years who can make the Chinese proud. In the 1920s, he traveled to the United States, Germany, and France to study in the United States, Germany, France, and studied under the name of Janigni G 猫 nyne, Stamula, pound, He has made friends with Holmes, Cardoso, Wigmore and Marisan. He has been a visiting professor at Harvard Law School and a law professor at the University of Hawaii and West East University in New Jersey. Such a person who can establish a strong friendship with all jurists in the American legal community may be able to provide an answer to these questions. Wu was once referred to as "a bridge between East and West", trying to promote the intersection of East and West legal thoughts. Wu used to generalize his legal ideas with "the growing natural law" (natural law in evolution), which is self-evident. From Wu's whole legal research career, his natural law thought is only a stage product, which is neither the ultimate thought nor the final place of his academic research. Therefore, it is not appropriate to call it "Wu's late legal thought". The reason why the title "growth of natural law" is to borrow "the growing natural law" from Wu's self-evaluation is to restate his legal thought as using "the growth of natural law", so it is translated as "the growth of natural law" in order to be objective. Truly restore Wu's thought of natural law. There is no doubt that Wu's natural law thought is based on Thomas Aquinas' theological law of nature, built on Christian meaning, in which "God" is eternal, and some of its basic concepts are also derived from the understanding of the spirit of Christ. Justice has always been an important research object of natural law. Since ancient Greece, natural jurists of different times have made different interpretations of justice, Wu is no exception. In his opinion, justice is the cornerstone of the legal edifice, and the value of law, the pursuit of positivism and the dispute between natural law and positivism can be demonstrated in the discussion of justice. The law that can be proved by history is the true legal thought, so Wu interprets the development history of common law in Britain and the United States and the political and legal thought of China in the past thousand years with the Christian natural law. Although the two interpretation methods and ideas are different, but the attempt to revive natural law is the same way. In the face of the legal thoughts of the predecessors, perhaps the most eager answer for later generations is "Why has the development of Chinese law gone through more than a hundred years, no one has been able to join the ranks of the world law masters?" Wu's legal thought has no profound influence in the western world and the Chinese mainland, but as a kind of Chinese trying to approach the western legal circles, Wu has left many things worth thinking about to the later generations. Looking back at the century-old history of Chinese law, there are not many truly famous scholars, and the jurists who are so keen on communicating Chinese and western culture may only be Wu. In the face of the unfinished work of the predecessors, the important task of establishing the world-famous "Chinese Law" has fallen on the shoulders of the new generation of legal people.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D90

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