法律文本中立法根据条款的设置

发布时间：2018-05-01 03:03

本文选题：立法根据 + 法律根据　；参考：《山东大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：法的结构规范化,是成文法国家立法所追求的重要目标。其中,具体条款的规范化,是达到法的结构规范化所必须完成的步骤。只有法律文本的各个具体条款规范化设置,法的整体结构的规范化才能实现。其中,立法根据条款是法的总则中重要的一般性条款。科学设置立法根据条款对于法的结构规范化具有重要意义。立法根据,亦称立法依据,是指立法主体创制某一具体规范性法律文件的根据问题。结合我国实际,立法根据主要是指法律根据和事实根据。立法的法律根据,主要证明该法具有合法性。而该法的可行性与可操作性,就需要法的事实根据来支撑。同时,要正确理解立法根据,还必须厘清立法根据与立法目的、立法权源的关系。立法根据的类型分为法律根据与事实根据。其中,法律根据又可以分为宪法根据与其他法律根据。在其他法律根据里,《立法法》与组织法是非常重要的法律。此外,由于各类法律的不同,其立法根据也有所不同。不同位阶法律的立法根据有所不同,不同立法权源法律的立法根据有所不同,不同层级法律的立法根据也有所不同,这些在本文中也将详细探讨。立法根据条款在法律文本中主要保障了法律的合法性、可操作性与法律位阶和法的结构的规范化、科学化。立法主体在设置立法根据条款时,主要依据了实在法观念、我国当代立法体制状况与立法权的渊源。立法根据条款虽然重要,但是在我国的立法实践中也存在不少问题。主要表现为设置与否缺乏统一标准,法条形式参差不齐,法律根据错误较多,法条用语模糊等。对此,立法者应该通过确定设置标准、统一法条形式、厘清法律根据、规范法律语言等方式,解决立法根据的设置问题。本文以实证研究和立法技术为工具,在理论探究的基础上,着重通过文本分析,探讨我国现行法律文本中立法根据条款存在的问题,并针对问题提出可行的对策,以期为我国立法根据条款的设置提供一个初步的模版,为我国法的结构规范化尽绵薄之力。
[Abstract]:The standardization of the structure of law is an important goal pursued by the statutory state legislation. Among them, the standardization of specific clauses is the necessary step to achieve the standardization of the structure of law. The standardization of the whole structure of the law can be realized only when the specific provisions of the legal text are standardized. Among them, the legislative basis clause is the important general clause in the general rule of law. It is of great significance to standardize the structure of law according to the provisions of scientific legislation. Legislative basis, also known as legislative basis, refers to the legislative subject to create a specific normative legal documents on the basis of the issue. Combined with the reality of our country, the legislative basis mainly refers to the legal basis and the factual basis. The legislative basis, mainly proves that the law has legitimacy. And the feasibility and maneuverability of this law, need the fact basis of law to support. At the same time, in order to correctly understand the legislative basis, we must clarify the relationship between legislative basis, legislative purpose and legislative power source. The types of legislative basis are divided into legal basis and factual basis. Among them, the legal basis can be divided into constitutional basis and other legal basis. Among other legal bases, the Law on legislation and the Organic Law are very important laws. In addition, due to different kinds of laws, its legislative basis is also different. The legislative basis of different rank law is different, the legislative basis of different legislative power source law is different, the legislative basis of different level law is also different, these will also be discussed in detail in this article. The legislative provisions mainly guarantee the legality of the law, operability and the standardization and scientific structure of the legal rank and law in the legal text. The legislative subject mainly bases on the concept of positive law, the current legislative system and the origin of legislative power. Although the legislative provisions are important, there are still many problems in our country's legislative practice. The main manifestations are the lack of uniform standards, the uneven form of articles of law, the many errors of legal basis, the ambiguity of the terms of articles of law and so on. In view of this, the legislator should solve the problem of setting the legislative basis by defining the setting standard, unifying the form of the law, clarifying the legal basis, standardizing the legal language and so on. Based on the empirical research and legislative techniques, this paper focuses on the text analysis to explore the problems existing in the legislative provisions in the current legal texts of our country, and puts forward some feasible countermeasures against the problems. In order to provide a preliminary template for China's legislation according to the provisions of the establishment, for the structure of our country's law standardization.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D920.0

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