美国诊所教育的发展状况研究及其借鉴意义

发布时间：2018-05-01 20:39

本文选题：法律诊所 + 教育方式　；参考：《中国政法大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 法律诊所教育是一种侧重实践性、非传统的法学教育方法,近年在我国的各大法学院崭露头角,并建立起形式多样的法律诊所,得到了学校、学生、律师的多方好评,但诊所教育毕竟是一个新兴的“舶来品”,仍然存在许多问题亟待解决,故本文从学习借鉴的角度出发全方位地解读美国法律诊所教育的成功案例。文章第一部分对法律诊所做了一个概念性地介绍,着重分析了它与其他传统法律教育形式的差别特点。第二部分将法律诊所在美国的发展历程分为三个阶段:“案例法”的兴起;“案例法”的没落与“法律诊所”呼之欲出;“法律诊所”应运而生,并以耶鲁等美国著名法学院的实际案例分别展示了法律诊所的壮大过程。文章在第三部分以美国各大法学院官方网站的公布数据为基本资料加以其他的信息辅助,总结分析了美国诊所教育的现状:法律诊所在各法学院的实际分布状况、诊所设置涵盖范围、其教育目的及所获成果、主要课程教学方法、诊所师资及待遇、诊所对学生的要求、诊所课程评价方式等,在本环节文章公布了一些分析数据以期达到一个更为直观的了解,通过这部分的研究可以对美国诊所教育有了一个全貌的掌握。本文的第四部分主要以比较研究的方法分析了我国诊所教育的发展状态及困境,将问题集中在以下几个方面:教育背景的差异导致诊所教育在我国的“形式化”;实际国情导致的师资短缺;诊所覆盖范围狭窄,案件来源不稳定;诊所运营的经费不足;参与诊所的学生从业身份认证困难等,本文针对之前提出的问题,在借鉴美国成功经验的基础上充分考虑我国实际条件提出了可行对策:确定诊所专职教师,提高律师等实务法律人的参与度以达到师资的多元化发展;开源节流,拓宽诊所运营经费来源;取得法律服务主管机关司法行政部门的支持,加强与政府法律援助机构的合作以稳定案件来源等等。
[Abstract]:Law clinic education is a practical, non-traditional method of law education. In recent years, it has emerged in various law schools in our country, and has established various kinds of law clinics, which have been well received by schools, students and lawyers. But the clinic education is a new "import" after all, and there are still many problems to be solved. Therefore, this paper interprets the successful cases of American law clinic education from the angle of learning and drawing lessons from all directions. In the first part, the author introduces the law clinic in a conceptual way, and analyzes the difference between the law clinic and other traditional legal education forms. The second part divides the development of legal clinic in America into three stages: the rise of "case law", the decline of "case law" and the coming out of "law clinic", and the emergence of "law clinic". The actual cases of Yale and other famous American law schools demonstrate the growing process of the law clinic. In the third part, taking the published data from the official website of the major American law schools as the basic information, the author summarizes and analyzes the current situation of clinic education in the United States: the actual distribution of the law clinics in each law school. The scope of setting up clinics, their educational aims and achievements, the teaching methods of main courses, the teachers and treatment of clinics, the requirements of clinics for students, the evaluation methods of clinical courses, etc. In this paper, some analysis data are published in order to achieve a more intuitive understanding, through this part of the study can have a complete picture of the United States clinic education. In the fourth part of this paper, the author analyzes the status and difficulties of clinic education in China by means of comparative research, and focuses on the following aspects: the difference of educational background leads to the "formalization" of clinic education in China; The shortage of teachers caused by the actual national conditions; the narrow coverage of the clinic, the unstable source of cases, the lack of funds for the operation of the clinic, the difficulty in the identification of students participating in the clinic, and so on. On the basis of drawing lessons from the successful experience of the United States, this paper puts forward some feasible countermeasures: to determine the full-time clinical teachers, to increase the participation of lawyers and other practical legal personnel in order to achieve the pluralistic development of teachers, to increase the income and reduce the expenditure, Broadening the funding sources of clinic operation, obtaining the support of the judicial administrative department of the legal service authority, strengthening the cooperation with the legal aid agency of the government to stabilize the source of the case and so on.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D90-4

【引证文献】