孙中山民主宪政思想与国统区两次民主宪政运动

发布时间：2018-05-16 17:31

本文选题：孙中山 + 民主宪政思想　；参考：《郑州大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 孙中山民主宪政思想来源于西方民主宪政思想理论,同时在融合中国本土政治思想的基础上形成的。其主要内容有四个方面：军政、训政、宪政“三步说”思想；“权能分治”与“五权分立”思想；“以党建国”、“以党治国”的思想；地方自治的构想。为了维护和实践其民主宪政思想,孙中山领导和发动了一次又一次的民主革命运动。主要有二次革命、护国运动、护法运动、国民会议运动。这些运动虽然没有使民主宪政在中国真正实现,但是民主共和思想早已深入人心,它启发和教育了广大人民群众,增强了人们的民主宪政意识。孙中山逝世后,为了继续发展中国民主宪政,反对蒋介石国民党反动独裁统治、揭露其宪政骗局,上世纪三、四十年代,在国统区相继发生了两次民主宪政运动。两次民主宪政运动虽然均以失败告终,但是这两次运动使孙中山民主宪政思想得到进一步实践和发展,加强了各党派之间的团结,促进了中国政治民主化进程,对抗日战争的胜利起到了巨大的推动作用。它开启了中国共产党和中国民主党派的共商合作、团结奋斗,为以后中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度的形成奠定了基础。本文将就此问题展开研究。
[Abstract]:Sun Zhongshan's thought of democratic constitutionalism originated from western theory of democratic constitutionalism and formed on the basis of fusion of Chinese native political thought. Its main content has four aspects: the thought of "three-step theory" of military administration, political discipline and constitutionalism; the thought of "separation of power" and "separation of five powers"; the thought of "building a country by the Party", "governing the country by the Party"; and the conception of local autonomy. In order to maintain and practice his idea of democratic constitutionalism, Sun Zhongshan led and launched the democratic revolutionary movement again and again. There are mainly the second revolution, the national movement, the law-guard movement, the National Convention Movement. Although these movements have not really realized democratic constitutionalism in China, the idea of democratic republic has long been deeply rooted in people's hearts. It enlightens and educates the broad masses of the people and strengthens people's consciousness of democratic constitutionalism. After Sun Zhongshan's death, in order to continue to develop Chinese democratic constitutionalism, oppose the reactionary dictatorship of Jiang Jieshi Kuomintang, and expose its constitutionalism scam, two democratic constitutionalism movements took place successively in the Kuomintang controlled areas in the 1930s and 1940s. Although the two democratic constitutionalism movements ended in failure, these two movements further practiced and developed Sun Zhongshan's democratic constitutional ideology, strengthened the unity among various parties, and promoted the process of political democratization in China. It played a great role in promoting the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. It opened up the cooperation between the Communist Party of China and the Chinese democratic parties, and laid a foundation for the formation of the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. This paper will study this problem.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D921;D929

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