中国“亲亲相隐”制度及其现代立法思考

发布时间：2018-09-11 06:59

【摘要】：在中国历史上,“亲亲隐隐”作为一项法律义务,是指具有一定亲情关系的人之间若有罪应当互相隐瞒、隐匿、拒绝作证、帮助逃跑等,不必负举证责任且不予以处罚或者减轻处罚,而若对法律规定应当互相隐匿的亲属实施告发和作证则要被论罪的原则和制度。它作为一项法律原则和法律制度在中国的传统法律体系中存续了二千多年,在中国古代伦理法中占有极为重要的地位。“亲亲隐隐”思想起源于以孔子为代表的儒家经典著述,是对周礼“亲亲尊尊”传统的延续。这一法律思想在西汉时期被统治者引礼入法,亲亲相隐原则得以确立,并率先在司法审判实践中应用,到隋唐时期得以成熟完善,而淡化于明末清初,转型于清末和民国时期,最终夭折于新中国建立。本文从三个部分探讨了“亲亲相隐”在古今中外不同国家所具有的普遍性和强大生命力,通过比较研究阐明了“亲亲相隐”所具有的现代法律价值,并提出了自己的观点和建议。第一部分是通过对“亲亲相隐”这一原则和制度所产生的历史背景、发展进程和相关规定进行梳理和归纳,重新对“亲亲相隐”这一我国历史上的重要原则和制度所蕴含的合理价值进行解读。第二部分是对国外不同时期、不同法系国家关于“亲亲相隐”法律制度的规定进行了梳理和归纳,并通过中外“亲亲相隐”法律制度相关规定的比较,得出共同点和不同点,指出各个时期、各个国家都对容隐权作了相关规定,体现出了这一法律原则和制度所具有的普遍性和长久性。第三部分是分析了我国现代立法关于“亲亲相隐”制度规定的现状,指出了立法对这一法律制度否定的原因及负面性,并在此基础上阐述了“亲亲相隐”法律制度所具有的现代法律价值。最后,笔者结合我国现行相关法律规定,就如何在现代立法中重新确立“亲亲相隐”法律原则和制度,有针对性地提出了自己的合理建议。
[Abstract]:In the history of China, as a legal obligation, "closeness of kinship" means that people with certain kinship should conceal, refuse to testify, help escape and so on if they are guilty. There is no need to bear the burden of proof and not to punish or mitigate the punishment, but if the law stipulates that relatives who should be hidden from each other to report and testify, they will be subject to the principle and system of crime. As a legal principle and legal system, it has existed in China's traditional legal system for more than two thousand years, and occupies an extremely important position in ancient Chinese ethical law. The thought of "kiss vagueness" originates from the classical works of Confucianism represented by Confucius, and is a continuation of the tradition of "respecting one's relatives and respecting one's parents" in Zhou Li. This legal thought was introduced into the law by the rulers in the Western Han Dynasty, and the principle of the mutual concealment between relatives and relatives was established, and it was first applied in the judicial practice. By the Sui and Tang dynasties, it was matured and perfected, but it was desalinated in the late Ming Dynasty, the early Qing Dynasty, the transition period in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China period. Finally died in the founding of New China. This paper discusses the universality and strong vitality of "closeness between relatives and relatives" in different countries in ancient and modern times, and expounds the modern legal value of "closeness between relatives and relatives" through comparative study. And put forward their own views and suggestions. The first part is to sort out and summarize the historical background, the development process and the relevant provisions of the principle and system of "closeness between relatives and relatives". This paper reinterprets the reasonable value of the important principle and system in the history of our country. The second part is to sort out and summarize the legal system of "close relatives hidden" in different countries of foreign countries in different periods, and draw the common points and differences through the comparison of the relevant provisions of Chinese and foreign legal system of "close relatives and close relatives' concealment". It is pointed out that various countries have made relevant provisions on the right of tolerance in each period, which reflects the universality and permanence of this legal principle and system. The third part is to analyze the current situation of the system of "close relatives hiding" in the modern legislation of our country, and point out the reason and the negativity of the legislation to this legal system. On the basis of this, the author expounds the modern legal value of the legal system. Finally, the author puts forward his own reasonable suggestions on how to re-establish the legal principle and system of "closeness of kinship and kinship" in modern legislation in combination with the current relevant laws and regulations of our country.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D929

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