理性立法程序的构建
发布时间：2018-09-18 07:55
【摘要】： 理想的人类社会秩序,在很大程度上要依赖于法律规范来实现和维护,而法律规范又导源于立法的规则和程序,因而对立法程序及其相关的各种问题进行探讨和研究,必将为人们迈向更加理想的社会秩序起到助推的作用。依循本文的旨趣,所有付诸讨论的立法程序并不被框定在任何特定历史时期和地理疆域上,然而在所难免的历史局限性或许早已打破本文的初衷。 本文共分三章,第一章着重探讨了立法程序所服务于的终极目标,即理想的人类社会秩序,以及立法程序在促进该目标实现的过程中发挥功能的基本原理。在讨论理想的人类社会秩序的过程中,先对历史上最为重要的有关社会理想和社会伦理的思想资源进行了概括和提炼,之后分析了各种思想和理论之间存在的内在紧张关系以及它们各自的局限性。 本文第二章着重讨论了理性立法程序遭遇的困境。理性立法程序在科学理性的层面上遇到了投票干扰和投票循环的困境,投票干扰现象指没有获胜希望的候选对象会显著影响最终的立法结果,这种现象虽然可以通过修正某些立法程序的方式得到纠正,然而解决旧问题的对策却引发了新困难,即投票循环现象。投票循环现象是指投票结果失去了传递性,这就使得人们无法按照理性的规则在各个候选对象之间抉择出最终的立法结果。理性立法程序在伦理理性的层面上遇到了信息扭曲和议程操纵的困境,信息扭曲包括了信息丢失和信息忽略现象,该类现象的存在导致了间接民主在多数决的伦理理性基础上受到了动摇。议程操纵现象指的是在某些立法场景下,最终的立法结果明显受到安排议程的人员和机构的控制,这一问题的发现对立法议程的制度性构建提出了重大挑战。 本文第三章着重论述了立法程序对立法结果发挥影响的作用机理以及对立法程序内容的初步构建。为了简化分析的过程,突出重要的观念,文章先将具体的社会环境条件悬置起来,着力考察了立法程序内部的各种变量因素对立法结果的作用机制。其后文章将最为重要的社会环境因素归结为利益分化现状和利益分化趋势两大类,并分析了立法程序对这两类社会环境因素的作用和适应过程。
[Abstract]:The ideal human social order depends to a large extent on the realization and maintenance of legal norms, which, in turn, are derived from the rules and procedures of legislation. It will certainly help people to move towards a more ideal social order. According to the purport of this paper, all the legislative procedures discussed are not framed in any particular historical period and geographical territory, but the inevitable historical limitations may have already broken the original intention of this paper. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter focuses on the ultimate goal served by the legislative process, that is, the ideal human social order, and the basic principles of the legislative process in the process of promoting the realization of the goal. In the course of discussing the ideal human social order, the author summarizes and refines the most important ideological resources about social ideal and social ethics in history. Then it analyzes the internal tension between various ideas and theories and their respective limitations. The second chapter focuses on the difficulties encountered by the rational legislative process. The rational legislative procedure has encountered the dilemma of vote interference and voting cycle on the level of scientific rationality. The phenomenon of vote interference means that the candidate who has no hope of winning will significantly affect the final legislative outcome. Although this phenomenon can be corrected by amending some legislative procedures, the countermeasures to solve the old problems have caused new difficulties, that is, the phenomenon of voting cycle. The phenomenon of voting cycle refers to the loss of transitivity of the voting result, which makes people unable to decide the final legislative result among the candidates according to the rational rules. The rational legislative process has encountered the dilemma of information distortion and agenda manipulation on the level of ethical rationality. Information distortion includes the phenomenon of information loss and information neglect. The existence of this kind of phenomenon causes indirect democracy to be shaken on the ethical basis of majority decision. Agenda manipulation refers to the fact that, in some legislative scenarios, the final legislative results are obviously controlled by the people and institutions who arrange the agenda. The discovery of this problem poses a great challenge to the institutional construction of the legislative agenda. In the third chapter, the author discusses the mechanism of the influence of the legislative procedure on the legislative result and the preliminary construction of the content of the legislative procedure. In order to simplify the process of analysis and highlight important concepts, the article first suspends the specific social environmental conditions, and studies the mechanism of various variable factors in the legislative process on the legislative results. After that, the most important social environmental factors are divided into two categories: the current situation of interest differentiation and the trend of interest differentiation, and the function and adaptation process of legislative procedure to these two kinds of social environmental factors are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D901
本文编号：2247266
[Abstract]:The ideal human social order depends to a large extent on the realization and maintenance of legal norms, which, in turn, are derived from the rules and procedures of legislation. It will certainly help people to move towards a more ideal social order. According to the purport of this paper, all the legislative procedures discussed are not framed in any particular historical period and geographical territory, but the inevitable historical limitations may have already broken the original intention of this paper. This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter focuses on the ultimate goal served by the legislative process, that is, the ideal human social order, and the basic principles of the legislative process in the process of promoting the realization of the goal. In the course of discussing the ideal human social order, the author summarizes and refines the most important ideological resources about social ideal and social ethics in history. Then it analyzes the internal tension between various ideas and theories and their respective limitations. The second chapter focuses on the difficulties encountered by the rational legislative process. The rational legislative procedure has encountered the dilemma of vote interference and voting cycle on the level of scientific rationality. The phenomenon of vote interference means that the candidate who has no hope of winning will significantly affect the final legislative outcome. Although this phenomenon can be corrected by amending some legislative procedures, the countermeasures to solve the old problems have caused new difficulties, that is, the phenomenon of voting cycle. The phenomenon of voting cycle refers to the loss of transitivity of the voting result, which makes people unable to decide the final legislative result among the candidates according to the rational rules. The rational legislative process has encountered the dilemma of information distortion and agenda manipulation on the level of ethical rationality. Information distortion includes the phenomenon of information loss and information neglect. The existence of this kind of phenomenon causes indirect democracy to be shaken on the ethical basis of majority decision. Agenda manipulation refers to the fact that, in some legislative scenarios, the final legislative results are obviously controlled by the people and institutions who arrange the agenda. The discovery of this problem poses a great challenge to the institutional construction of the legislative agenda. In the third chapter, the author discusses the mechanism of the influence of the legislative procedure on the legislative result and the preliminary construction of the content of the legislative procedure. In order to simplify the process of analysis and highlight important concepts, the article first suspends the specific social environmental conditions, and studies the mechanism of various variable factors in the legislative process on the legislative results. After that, the most important social environmental factors are divided into two categories: the current situation of interest differentiation and the trend of interest differentiation, and the function and adaptation process of legislative procedure to these two kinds of social environmental factors are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D901
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