从法官裁判视角看法律推理
发布时间：2018-10-05 14:38
【摘要】： 增强法律推理能力,是提高司法人员法律思维素质的一种途径,而且能够增强司法判决的一致性和正当性。当前,我国的法律推理研究还不够深入,特别是在司法实践中与法官裁判活动的结合不够紧密,未取得令人乐观的实质性进展。本文结合审判实践,探讨了法官在裁判案件过程中对法律推理的运用。 本文首先从法律推理的定义和分类入手,选择西方的二分法,即形式法律推理和实质法律推理进行论述。第二部分,通过对法律推理主体之一法官的实地考察,分析了法官裁判中引入法律推理的必要性,并提出法官运用法律推理进行理性、科学裁判的紧迫性。第三部分,对形式法律推理的规范性、局限性进行讨论,并提出了长期以来人们对一种传统逻辑推理形式的误解。第四部分,在审判实践中法官面对的案件是纷繁复杂的,这使法官常常不能直接对号入座地适用法律。文中分析了引入实质法律推理的原因,并分析了两种推理方式的关系。与形式法律推理不同的是,法官运用实质法律推理需要从法律的非正式渊源,如法律原则、法理、政策、习惯等寻找判决的根据和理由,作为法律推理的大前提。文中结合大量案例,分析法官在审判实践中运用实质法律推理的几种形式,但实质法律推理的运用依然离不开形式逻辑的推理形式和推理规则。 对法律推理的深入研究,特别是与审判实践紧密结合,能够增强法官的法律推理能力,从而进行理性、科学的司法裁判。熟练地掌握和运用法律推理,相信会对法官判案大有帮助。
[Abstract]:Enhancing the legal reasoning ability is a way to improve the legal thinking quality of judicial personnel, and it can also enhance the consistency and legitimacy of judicial decisions. At present, the research on legal reasoning in our country is not deep enough, especially in the judicial practice, the combination with judges' adjudication is not close enough, and no optimistic substantive progress has been made. Combined with trial practice, this paper discusses the application of legal reasoning in the process of judge adjudication. This paper begins with the definition and classification of legal reasoning and discusses the western dichotomy, namely formal legal reasoning and substantive legal reasoning. In the second part, the author analyzes the necessity of introducing legal reasoning into the judge's judgment, and points out the urgency for the judge to use the legal reasoning to carry out rational and scientific judgment through the on-the-spot investigation of one of the main subjects of legal reasoning. In the third part, the normative and limitation of formal legal reasoning is discussed, and the misunderstanding of a traditional form of logical reasoning is put forward for a long time. The fourth part, in the trial practice, the judge faces the case is numerous and complex, this causes the judge often cannot apply the law directly to the seat. This paper analyzes the reasons for the introduction of substantive legal reasoning and the relationship between the two kinds of reasoning methods. Different from formal legal reasoning, judges need to seek the basis and reason of judgment from the informal sources of law, such as legal principles, policies, habits, etc., as the major premise of legal reasoning. Combined with a large number of cases, this paper analyzes several forms of substantive legal reasoning used by judges in trial practice, but the use of substantive legal reasoning is still inseparable from the reasoning form and rules of formal logic. The deep research on legal reasoning, especially the close combination with the trial practice, can enhance the judge's legal reasoning ability and carry on the rational and scientific judicial decision. Mastering and applying legal reasoning is believed to be of great help to judges.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D90-051
本文编号：2253776
[Abstract]:Enhancing the legal reasoning ability is a way to improve the legal thinking quality of judicial personnel, and it can also enhance the consistency and legitimacy of judicial decisions. At present, the research on legal reasoning in our country is not deep enough, especially in the judicial practice, the combination with judges' adjudication is not close enough, and no optimistic substantive progress has been made. Combined with trial practice, this paper discusses the application of legal reasoning in the process of judge adjudication. This paper begins with the definition and classification of legal reasoning and discusses the western dichotomy, namely formal legal reasoning and substantive legal reasoning. In the second part, the author analyzes the necessity of introducing legal reasoning into the judge's judgment, and points out the urgency for the judge to use the legal reasoning to carry out rational and scientific judgment through the on-the-spot investigation of one of the main subjects of legal reasoning. In the third part, the normative and limitation of formal legal reasoning is discussed, and the misunderstanding of a traditional form of logical reasoning is put forward for a long time. The fourth part, in the trial practice, the judge faces the case is numerous and complex, this causes the judge often cannot apply the law directly to the seat. This paper analyzes the reasons for the introduction of substantive legal reasoning and the relationship between the two kinds of reasoning methods. Different from formal legal reasoning, judges need to seek the basis and reason of judgment from the informal sources of law, such as legal principles, policies, habits, etc., as the major premise of legal reasoning. Combined with a large number of cases, this paper analyzes several forms of substantive legal reasoning used by judges in trial practice, but the use of substantive legal reasoning is still inseparable from the reasoning form and rules of formal logic. The deep research on legal reasoning, especially the close combination with the trial practice, can enhance the judge's legal reasoning ability and carry on the rational and scientific judicial decision. Mastering and applying legal reasoning is believed to be of great help to judges.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D90-051
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