美国《克莱瑞法案》研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 04:54

【摘要】： 随着经济与社会的快速发展,高校安全问题已远远滞后于高等教育的发展,校园安全状况每况愈下,校园周边混乱复杂,各类案件层出不穷,严重干扰和破坏了校园安全秩序,威胁学生与教职员的人身和财产安全。但目前我国仍没有出台相关的校园安全法,高校校园安全机构——保卫处并不能及时有效处理校园各类案件,建立我国的相关立法势在必行。美国高校校园安全立法较早,美国《克莱瑞法案》即《珍妮克莱瑞校园安全政策披露和校园犯罪统计法》是一部有效预防校园犯罪案件发生的法案,主要规定了高校校园案件的类别包括高校刑事犯罪案件、仇恨犯罪案件与因违反饮酒、毒品和枪支携带法而遭拘捕或校纪处罚案件三类；校园案件发生的地点为高校校园,细分为校园区域、非校园建筑物或财产区域、公共财产区域以及学生宿舍区四类,还规定了高校应当及时预警、记录校园犯罪日志以及年度安全报告等内容。同时为深入解析该法案,对克里斯托弗·艾弗里克诉约翰威尔士大学案这一具体案例进行详细评析。目前我国高校校园安全仍存在一些问题和缺陷,鉴于我国高校教育和校园环境的特殊性,同时借鉴美国《克莱瑞法案》,我国应制定一部《高校校园犯罪统计报告法》才能有效预防校园犯罪案件的发生。该法的体系设计为总则性规定、高校校园和校园案件的定义、高校校园安全机构、具体法律制度以及监督检查和法律责任。此外,通过艾弗里克案这一典型案例,我国在司法实践中也应借鉴美国法院的审判和推理论证经验。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, the security problems of colleges and universities have lagged far behind the development of higher education, the security situation of the campus is getting worse and worse, the chaos around the campus is complicated, and various kinds of cases emerge in endlessly, which seriously disturb and destroy the security order of the campus. Threatening the personal and property safety of students and faculty. However, at present, there is still no relevant campus safety law in our country. The security department of university campus can not deal with all kinds of campus cases in time and effectively, so it is imperative to establish the relevant legislation of our country. The legislation on campus safety in American colleges and universities was earlier. The "Clary Act" in the United States, that is, the "Jane Clare Campus Safety Policy Disclosure and Campus Crime Statistics Act", is a bill to effectively prevent the occurrence of campus crime cases. The main categories of college campus cases include criminal cases, hate crimes and cases of arrest or school discipline punishment for violating the law of drinking, drugs and guns; Campus cases occur in the campus of colleges and universities. They are subdivided into four categories: campus area, non-campus building or property area, public property area and student dormitory area. It also stipulates that colleges and universities should be promptly warned. Record campus crime log and annual safety report. At the same time, to analyze the Act in depth, the specific case of Christopher Everrick v. the University of John Wales was analyzed in detail. At present, there are still some problems and defects in the campus security of colleges and universities in our country. In view of the particularity of our university education and campus environment, we should learn from the "Clarie Act" of the United States at the same time. In order to effectively prevent the occurrence of campus crime cases, China should formulate a "Statistical report Law on College Campus Crime". The system of this law is designed as a general rule, the definition of college campus and campus case, the campus security organization, the specific legal system, the supervision, inspection and legal responsibility. In addition, through the typical case of Avrik, our country should also draw lessons from the experience of trial and reasoning of American courts in judicial practice.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D971.2;DD912.1

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