民国时期四川第一监狱建设与管理研究

发布时间：2019-01-06 12:10

【摘要】： 监狱是人类社会发展到一段阶段的产物,是建立在一定经济基础之上的上层建筑的重要组成部分,是构成国家这一特殊公共权力机关的物质附属物。我国自监狱产生以来,就一直为历代统治阶级所重视。并历经朝代更替而不断强化。清朝末年,清政府为了挽救其摇摇欲坠的政权,进行了一系列的改良,在司法领域的表现主要是进行狱政改良。民国时期,监狱管理上大量沿用清未旧制,作为民国一个重要省区,抗战开始后四川一度成为抗战大后方,讨论到全国必然离不开研究四川,而四川在监狱建设与管理上与全国既有共性,又有自身的特点。本文选取四川第一监狱作为考察对象和中心。探讨了民国时期的四川面临社会混乱、人满为患和资金匮乏的困境下的狱政管理与建设。防区制下的四川,军阀混战,在全国监狱改良的大潮流下,四川司法改良举步维艰。直到1935年,川政统一后,四川在执行国民政府管理的有关法律和制度,结合四川自身的特点加以实施。主要包括以下几个部分: 前言:介绍了本文的选题意义、学术史回顾以及研究方法和创新之处。第一章:对民国时期四川监狱的基本状况进行考察:包括了四川监狱的沿革、管理机构以及四川监狱体系,从四川监狱的整体性上加以把握。第二章:主要介绍了四川第一监狱的建设与机构设置,监狱管理人员的选拔与任用情况以及管理人员的薪资问题。第三章:主要研究了四川第一监狱对服刑人员的管理。包括犯人入狱时的登记、犯人生活卫生的基本权利;考察了对囚犯改造方式方法上的新特点,即对囚犯的教悔教育和劳动改造,体现了四川第一监狱作为改良监狱的先进性。接着分析了抗日战争时期对犯人管理上出现的新特点,比如保释、保外服役、监犯临时处置办法、调服军役。指出这些制度的实施,对抗战起到了极大支援作用,另一方面也缓解了监狱压力。第四章:通过对四川第一监狱建设与管理的考察,总结出四川第一监狱在艰难的维持着的同时出现的问题。并分析出现这些问题的原因是政局的动荡、社会混乱、以及资金的缺乏。结语:主要根据四川第一监狱在监狱建设与管理上所作出的努力,让我们更深刻认识民国时期的四川社会及其监狱状况,认识到社会犯罪与惩罚的相关问题。为监狱建设与管理提供历史借鉴。
[Abstract]:Prison is the product of the development of human society to a certain stage, is an important part of the superstructure based on a certain economic basis, and is a material appendage that constitutes the special public authority organ of the country. Since the emergence of the prison, our country has been attached importance to by the ruling class in the past dynasties. And through the succession of dynasties and constantly strengthened. In the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing government made a series of reforms in order to save its shaky regime, mainly in the judicial field. During the period of the Republic of China, the prison management used a large number of the Qing Dynasty before the old system, as an important province of the Republic of China, after the start of the War of Resistance against Japan, Sichuan became the main rear area of the War of Resistance against Japan. Sichuan in prison construction and management and the country has not only common, but also its own characteristics. In this paper, the first prison in Sichuan Province is chosen as the object and center of investigation. This paper discusses the prison administration and construction of Sichuan in the period of the Republic of China under the predicament of social chaos, overcrowding and lack of funds. In Sichuan province, warlords are fighting, and judicial reform in Sichuan is difficult under the tide of prison reform in the whole country. Until 1935, after the unification of Sichuan government, Sichuan carried out the relevant laws and regulations of national government management, combined with the characteristics of Sichuan itself. The main contents are as follows: introduction: this paper introduces the significance of the topic, the review of academic history, the research methods and innovations. The first chapter: the basic situation of Sichuan prison during the Republic of China period: including the evolution of Sichuan prison, management institutions and the prison system in Sichuan, from the integrity of the prison in Sichuan to grasp. The second chapter mainly introduces the construction and establishment of the first prison in Sichuan Province, the selection and appointment of prison administrators and the salary of the managers. Chapter three: mainly studies the management of the first prison in Sichuan. It includes the registration of prisoners when they go to prison, the basic rights of prisoners' life and hygiene, and the new characteristics of the ways and methods of prisoners' reform, that is, the education of repentance for prisoners and the reform through labour, which embodies the advanced nature of the first prison in Sichuan as an improved prison. Then it analyzes the new features in the management of prisoners during the War of Resistance against Japan, such as bail, outside service, temporary treatment of prisoners, and the transfer of military service. Pointed out that the implementation of these systems, played a great role in support of the war, on the other hand, also alleviated the prison pressure. Chapter four: through the investigation of the construction and management of the first prison in Sichuan province, the author sums up the problems in the maintenance of the first prison in Sichuan. And analyze the causes of these problems are political instability, social chaos, and lack of funds. Conclusion: mainly according to the efforts made by the first prison in Sichuan in prison construction and management, let us deeply understand the situation of Sichuan society and its prisons during the period of the Republic of China, and realize the related problems of social crime and punishment. To provide historical reference for prison construction and management.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D926.7;D929

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