论社会舆论对司法审判的影响

发布时间：2018-02-20 20:17

本文关键词： 社会舆论司法审判冲突平衡良性互动　出处：《广西师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会舆论对司法审判的影响可以分为两方面：一方面是对司法审判的积极影响,即促进司法独立与司法公正；另一方面是给司法审判带来的消极因素,即过度的舆论监督会干扰司法独立。对司法审判的积极影响又有两种因素：一是平民与权力阶层的冲突能够促进司法独立,二是社会舆论的监督对司法公正起促进作用。它们是如何对司法审判起到积极促进作用的?在第一种情况下,司法需要独立,然而在我国的社会环境中,往往存在权力干预司法的现象,平民与权力阶层所存在的冲突能够在一定程度上对权力的形使起到监督和抑制作用,使滥用权力者从心理上感受到舆论的压力,感受到滥用权力干涉司法的后果所带来的恐惧感和将遭受到的谴责,从而起到一种平衡的作用。第二种情况下,社会舆论对司法审判的适当监督使司法在公众的监督下进行,公众痛恨司法腐败,一旦发现司法腐败现象,必然会强烈批判,司法机关以及司法工作人员在舆论的影响下会产生一种心理压力,会在腐败的利益与公正以及自身名誉之间作权衡,从而对司法腐败能够起到一定的抑制作用。社会舆论对司法审判的消极影响有三种因素：一是道德与法律的冲突,二是公众的朴素正义感与法律的冲突,三是公众法律意识水平的提高与法律知识的不足之间的冲突,这三方面又如何对司法独立产生消极影响?第一,法律与道德虽然存在共性,但法律规则的要求却比道德要求更具体,法官本身内心存在着符合社会价值观的道德标准,而正是由于两者之间的冲突,使得法官判案时会受到外界舆论所倾向的道德观念的影响,要么与法官内心的道德相符,要么与法官的职业道德不符,法官独立审判的效果受到了干扰。第二公众的朴素正义感与法律所维护的程序正义存在冲突时,法律首先要维护程序正义,此时法官所受到的内心影响如同上述道德观念的影响一样。第三,改革开放以来,公众的法律意识水平越来越高,然而对许多法律条文本身并不理解甚至完全不了解,当人们关注典型案件时就可能会因为对法律本身的不了解而引发对司法的言论攻击,如此便会干扰司法的正常进行。既然舆论对司法既有积极影响又有消极影响,那么两者之间必然存在平衡点,找到两者的平衡点便能使两者达到良性互动。两者之间其实是存在交互作用的,司法可以引导舆论良性发展,舆论又能影响司法。司法既要倾听又要回应舆论,舆论自身在监督司法时其内部的各个部分也应提高自身素质并做到适度,建立健康的监督体制。
[Abstract]:The influence of public opinion on judicial trial can be divided into two aspects: one is the positive influence on judicial trial, that is, promoting judicial independence and judicial justice; on the other hand, it is a negative factor brought to judicial trial, that is, excessive supervision by public opinion can interfere with judicial independence.
There are two kinds of factors on the positive impact of Justice: one is the conflict between civilians and the power elite to promote judicial independence, the two is the supervision of the public opinion to promote judicial justice. They are how to play a positive role in promoting justice? In the first case, the judicial independence, but in my in the social environment, there is interference with the judicial power, conflict of civilian and power elite to a certain extent, the power of the supervision and restrain the abuse of power from the psychological feeling of public opinion pressure, feel the abuse of power caused by the consequences of judicial interference a sense of fear and will be subjected to condemnation, and thus play a balancing role. Second kinds of circumstances, the public opinion supervision of the appropriate judicial make justice under public supervision, public hate judicial corruption Once lost, the phenomenon of judicial corruption, must be strongly criticized, the judiciary and judicial staff will have a psychological pressure under the influence of public opinion will make trade-offs between the interests of the corruption and justice and their reputation, and thus the judicial corruption can play a certain inhibition.
There are three kinds of factors of the negative impact of public opinion on judicial adjudication: one is the conflict between morality and law, the two is the public sense of justice with the law, three is the conflict between the lack of legal knowledge and improve the level of public awareness of the law, the three aspects are to have a negative impact to judicial independence first? Although the existence of common law and morality, but the rule of law is more specific than the moral requirements, the judge itself exists inside with social values and moral standards, it is because of the conflict between the two. The influence that the judge will be public opinion tendency of moral values, either with the judge's moral. Either, and the judge's occupation moral discrepancies, judge the effect of interference. Second public sense of justice and the law of maintenance of procedural justice when there is a conflict, the first law First, to maintain procedural justice, the impact of judges as the moral concept. Third, since the reform and opening up, the level of public awareness of the law is more and more high, but to many legal provisions do not understand or do not know, when people focus on typical cases, may lead to judicial remarks attacks because of the lack of understanding of the law itself, so it can interfere with the normal administration of justice.
Since the public opinion on judicial has both positive and negative effects, so there must be a balance between the two, to find the balance between the two can make both to positive interaction between the two. In fact there was an interaction, the benign development of the judiciary can guide public opinion, public opinion can affect judicial justice. We must listen to and respond to public opinion. Public opinion itself in various parts of the internal judicial supervision should also improve their own quality and make appropriate, establish the health supervision system.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D926;G206

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