北冰洋大陆架划界现状

发布时间：2018-01-02 19:08

本文关键词：北冰洋大陆架划界现状　出处：《极地研究》2014年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：北冰洋面积约1 300×104km2,周边国家对200 M(海里)大陆架及专属经济区的划界现状及对200 M外大陆架的诉求,对于我们参与北极科考具有十分重要的参考意义。大陆架与专属经济区的划界,美国与苏联已签署协定,美国国会已批准,但前苏联和俄罗斯未批准,这直接导致两国的海域争议不断。俄罗斯与挪威也已签署协议。美国与加拿大之间未签署协议,争议区超过7 000 M2。丹麦与加拿大已签署协议,完成划界,但存在汉斯岛的主权争议。挪威与丹麦及挪威与冰岛已完成划界。根据《联合国海洋法公约》第76条规定,北冰洋周边国家拥有确定北冰洋200 M外大陆架的权利。俄罗斯和挪威已提交200 M外大陆架划界方案,挪威对南森海盆西部的划界方案已得到大陆架界限委员会原则同意,但俄罗斯方案仍有很大的争议。作为《斯瓦尔巴条约》的签署国,斯瓦尔巴协定区,我们有权进入;因美国没有签署《联合国海洋法公约》,阿拉斯加北部大陆架及200 M外的楚科奇海台,都是我们进行科考的选择。此外,也可以通过国际合作,参与不同海域的科考和研究。
[Abstract]:The area of the Arctic Ocean is about 1 300 脳 10 4 km 2. The current situation of the delimitation of the 200 m (nautical mile) continental shelf and exclusive economic zone and the claim to the outer 200 m continental shelf by the surrounding countries are also discussed. The delimitation of the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone has been agreed between the United States and the Soviet Union and ratified by the United States Congress, but not by the former Soviet Union and Russia. This has directly led to ongoing maritime disputes between the two countries. Russia and Norway have also signed an agreement. There is no agreement between the United States and Canada, and the disputed area exceeds 7,000 M2.Denmark has signed an agreement with Canada. The demarcation was completed, but there was a dispute over the sovereignty of Hans Island. Norway and Denmark and Norway and Iceland have completed the demarcation... in accordance with article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. The countries around the Arctic Ocean have the right to determine the continental shelf beyond 200m in the Arctic Ocean. Russia and Norway have submitted a plan for the delimitation of the continental shelf beyond 200m. While Norway's delimitation programme for the western part of the Nansen basin has been agreed upon in principle by the Commission on the limits of the Continental Shelf, the Russian proposal remains highly controversial... as a signatory to the Svalbard Treaty, the Svalbard Agreement area. We have the right to enter; Because the United States has not signed the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the continental shelf in northern Alaska and the Chukchi Sea platform 200 meters away are our choice for scientific research. In addition, international cooperation can also be adopted. Participate in scientific research and research in different sea areas.
【作者单位】：广州海洋地质调查局国土资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室;
【基金】：国土资源部专项项目(GZH201200601)资助
【分类号】：D993.5
【正文快照】： 0引言北冰洋面积约1 300×104km2,其周边有6个国家,包括俄罗斯、美国、加拿大、丹麦(管辖格陵兰)、冰岛和挪威。近年来,这些周边国家对北冰洋的争夺异常激烈。2007年8月2日,俄罗斯科考队员乘深海潜水器,从北极点下潜至4 000多米深的北冰洋洋底,并在洋底插上了一面钛合金的俄罗

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