论国际法院的三重性分级判案规则

发布时间：2018-01-25 23:26

本文关键词： 条约法保持占有有效控制国际法院判案规则　出处：《世界经济与政治》2011年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：国际法院在解决涉及领土纠纷的实践中,适用了一项三重性分级判案规则,即条约优先适用,然后考虑保持占有,最后适用有效控制理论。条约和保持占有法律是证明领土权利归属的直接方法,有效控制则为间接方法。但是,国际法院在适用该规则过程中过于依赖条约法,甚至赋予未经批准的条约以法律效力,尤其在2008年新加坡/马来西亚的白礁岛、中岩礁和南礁案中,采取了崭新的权利取得模式,意在进一步弱化当事国的原始权利,以凸显有效控制的效力,其法理依据难以令人十分信服。尽管如此,国际法院三重性分级规则对中国在解决领土争端中仍具有一定借鉴意义。作者认为,中国应加强对享有历史主权的固有领土的有效控制,进一步彰显主权。
[Abstract]:In its practice in the settlement of territorial disputes, the International Court of Justice applied a three-tier rule, namely, the primacy of treaties, and then considered the preservation of possession. Finally, the theory of effective control was applied. Treaties and the maintenance of the law of possession were the direct means of proving the attribution of territorial rights, while effective control was an indirect method. However, the International Court of Justice relied too heavily on the law of treaties in the application of the rule. Unratified treaties had even been given legal effect particularly in the Singapore / Malaysia case of Batu Branco Middle Rock and South Reef in 2008 which had adopted a new model of entitlement acquisition. The legal basis intended to further weaken the original rights of the parties in order to highlight the effectiveness of effective control is hardly convincing. The triple classification rule of the International Court of Justice still has some referential significance for China in the settlement of territorial disputes. The author holds that China should strengthen the effective control of the inherent territory with historical sovereignty and further demonstrate its sovereignty.
【作者单位】：安徽财经大学法学院;
【基金】：中国太平洋学会重大课题《东、南中国海诸岛中有争议岛屿的史地考证及相关问题研究》(项目编号:2200214)东海专题组的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D99
【正文快照】： 一引言在国际法和国际关系中,领土所有权是十分重要的。之所以如此,其原因在于确定的领土是构成国家的要素之一。迄今,多数国家陆地边界的划分已经得以解决,但仍有少数国家长期悬而未决。与此同时,在许多海域划界中,由于当事国存在岛屿主权归属上的争议,直接阻碍了所涉海上边

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