后京都时代国际气候融资制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 19:51

本文关键词： 国际气候《哥本哈根协定》融资制度资金来源资金分配　出处：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国际气候融资是在哥本哈根气候大会上提出的概念，是世界各国在应对气候变化的过程中，由发达国家向发展中国家提供资金支持，以帮助发展中国家开展应对气候变化的减缓和适应活动。国际气候融资制度是对气候融资机制和在融资过程中产生的相关问题进行规制的制度。目前，国际社会亟需签订具有普遍约束力的国际条约，各缔约国需要将条约尽快转化为国内法，以保证气候融资制度的有效实施。除引言和结语外，本文主文由五个部分组成：第一部分国际气候融资制度概论，探讨了国际气候融资制度的演进、渊源和两大阵营的博弈焦点，在尝试性探讨气候融资定义的基础上，系统分析了《联合国气候框架公约》（以下简称《气候公约》）等国际条约和其框架内有关资金的制度，阐释了发达国家和发展中国家之间资金机制的博弈焦点即资金来源与资金管理。第二部分气候融资资金来源制度，深入研讨了《气候公约》框架下的资金来源制度，并结合发达国家的历史责任和发展中国家的资金需求，指出资金来源可以分为两个部分，即发达国家政府提供的公共性质的资金和发达国家通过市场手段提供给发展中国家的资金。第三部分气候融资资金分配制度，深入研究了资金分配制度，并提出：资金分配制度应主要考虑项目优先顺序和额度标准两个方面，应在资金分配中平衡效率和公平的关系，适应活动比减缓活动更具有获取资金的优先性。第四部分气候融资制度的发展趋势，系统研究了《哥本哈根协定》和《坎昆协定》中建立融资制度的条款和一些国家、国际组织建立气候融资制度的意见（如以“77国集团+中国”为代表的发展中国家提出的提案和以美国为代表的发达国家提出的议案），提出了国际气候融资制度的发展趋势，即建立新的气候基金并扩展资金来源渠道。第五部分中国应对国际气候融资制度的策略，研究了我国应对国际气候融资制度的现状和存在的缺陷，提出我国应从国际和国内两个层面予以应对。在国际层面上，中国在国际谈判中应该协调不同利益阵营的关系，把公共资金和市场资金放在同等重要位置。在国内层面，中国应制订气候融资单行法，，制订完备的节能减排财税政策，改革资金管理制度以保证项目实施和资金使用的效率。
[Abstract]:International climate finance is a concept at the Copenhagen climate conference, is the world in the process of dealing with climate change, from developed countries to developing countries to provide financial support, to help developing countries adapt to climate change mitigation and climate. The international financing system is the regulation of climate financing mechanisms and related issues in the process of financing in the system. At present, the international community need to sign international treaties universally binding, the need for the parties to the treaty into domestic law as soon as possible, to ensure the effective implementation of climate finance system.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the text consists of five parts:
The first part of the international climate finance institution, discusses the evolution of the international climate finance institution, the game focus origin and the two camps, trying to explore the climate based on the definition of financing, system of the "United Nations Framework Convention on climate" (hereinafter referred to as the "climate convention") system associated with the fund and other international treaties and the within the framework of the game focus explains between developed and developing countries that the funding mechanism of funding sources and money management.
The second part of climate finance funding system, in-depth discussion of the "climate convention" under the framework of the funding system, combined with the developed countries the historical responsibility and the financial needs of developing countries, pointed out that the source of funds can be divided into two parts, namely the public nature of the funds provided by the government of developed countries and developed countries to developing countries through funds market means.
The third part of climate finance capital allocation system, in-depth study of capital allocation system, and put forward: capital allocation system should consider two main aspects of the project priority and the amount of the standard, should balance the relationship between efficiency and fairness in the allocation of funds, to adapt to the priority of the activities have more access to funds than mitigation activities.
The fourth part development trend of climate finance institution, system of the establishment of financing system of Copenhagen agreement > > and < > in the terms of the Cancun agreement and the views of some countries, international organizations establish climate financing system (such as the "group of 77 + Chinese" as the representative of the developing countries and put forward proposals to the United States as the representative of the developed countries the bill), put forward the development trend of the international climate finance institution, namely the establishment of a new climate fund and expand financing channels.
The fifth part Chinese international climate financing system strategy, defects of status quo of China's international climate financing system and existence, put forward our country from the international and domestic two levels to deal with. At the international level, should not China coordination relationship with interest camp in international negotiations, the use of public funds and the market money put in the same important position. At the national level, China shall formulate the law of climate finance policy, energy saving and emission reduction tax complete, reform financial management system to ensure the efficient use of funds and project implementation.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.9

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