论外层空间环境保护法律问题

发布时间：2018-02-25 16:19

本文关键词： 外层空间环境保护国际条约空间立法　出处：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自从人类进入太空时代以来,空间科学家就一直试图对人类空间活动可能带来的空间环境风险进行科学地分析和研究。上世纪60年代至今,射入外层空间的卫星和火箭数目惊人。科学家们特别关心的是以科学研究为目的射入外层空间的物体将会在外层空间引起放射性污染、生态污染以及化学性污染。外层空间环境保护问题也随之成为国际社会热点问题。在许过国家因为外太空活动受益的同时,外层空间由于遭受各种即在的或潜在的污染而逐渐引起国际社会和各个国家的关注。外空环境的保护是全人类的共同责任,我国作为主要的航空大国,更应当发挥积极的作用,推动空间事业可持续健康的发展。本文旨在通过对外层空间的界定进而提出近年来逐步发展中的外层空间活动,诸如外层空间商业活动,外层空间科学研究活动,以及外层空间军事活动对外层空间环境所产生的各种污染,分析了空间环境问题的严重性。空间碎片是目前外层空间污染的主要方面,外太空核污染和化学污染问题因其潜在的危害性也不能掉以轻心,外空生物污染虽然目前还并没有产生严重危害,但是以空间碎片为主要污染形式的外空环境保护问题引起学界的广泛关注。针对这些环境问题,本文归纳了外层空间环境保护的法律框架及其存在的问题,并提出了完善外层空间环境保护制度的设想。本文的最后一部分阐述了我国作为一个航天大国,现阶段没有出台一部规范空间活动的法律、法规和政策,这对于日益发展的空间产业来说显得相对滞后。为了推进我国航天事业的进一步发展,我国应加快空间立法。借鉴其他国家的优秀体系和做法,加快我国空间立法的步伐,树立有责任的航天大国的形象。
[Abstract]:Since mankind entered the space age, space scientists have been trying to carry out scientific analysis and research on the possible space environmental risks caused by human space activities. The number of satellites and rockets launched into outer space is alarming. Scientists are particularly concerned that objects launched into outer space for scientific purposes will cause radioactive contamination in outer space, Ecological pollution and chemical pollution. The protection of the outer space environment has also become a hot issue in the international community. While allowing countries to benefit from outer space activities, The protection of outer space, which has gradually attracted the attention of the international community and individual States as a result of all kinds of immediate or potential pollution, is the common responsibility of all mankind, and our country, as a major aviation power, should play an active role, To promote the sustainable and healthy development of the space cause. The purpose of the present paper is to propose, through the definition of outer space, the progressive development of outer space activities in recent years, such as commercial activities in outer space, research activities in outer space science, As well as the various pollution of the outer space environment caused by military activities in outer space and the analysis of the seriousness of the space environment problem. Space debris is the main aspect of the current pollution of outer space, The problem of nuclear and chemical pollution in outer space cannot be taken lightly because of its potential harm. Although the biological pollution of outer space has not caused serious harm at present, However, space debris as the main form of pollution of outer space environmental protection has attracted extensive attention. In view of these environmental problems, this paper summarizes the legal framework of outer space environmental protection and its existing problems. The last part of this paper states that China, as a large spaceflight country, has not issued a law, regulation and policy to regulate space activities at this stage. In order to promote the further development of China's space industry, China should speed up space legislation, learn from the excellent systems and practices of other countries, and speed up the pace of China's space legislation. Build up the image of a responsible spaceflight power.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D999.1

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