船舶油污损害赔偿法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 20:21

本文关键词： 船舶油污损害赔偿责任　出处：《上海海事大学》2003年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石油是海洋环境中最大的污染物质，而在海洋油类污染中，船舶油污所占的比例最大。船舶油污损害的后果非常严重，对生态环境和人类的经济活动造成了多方面的影响。随着我国经济的发展，石油进口量的逐年增加以及海上运输石油活动的日益频繁，船舶油污损害也成为我国必须面对的一个重大课题。然而，我国的船舶油污损害赔偿相关法律制度尚不完备。在我国加强对油污损害赔偿相关法律问题的研究，具有非常总要的现实意义。本文通过对国际公约和先进国家的国内立法的比较，对船舶油污损害赔偿法律制度进行了概述，分析了船舶油污损害赔偿责任的性质、责任原则和我国船舶油污损害赔偿制度应当注意的一些问题。同时，本文阐述了我国船舶油污损害赔偿立法现状和船舶油污损害现状，并在调查统计的基础上，对我国船舶油污损害赔偿现状和特点进行分析，提出其存在的一些问题。本文对由油污损害民事责任公约和基金公约为框架构成的国际油污损害赔偿法律制度及其最新立法发展进行研究，同时还介绍了燃油污染损害民事责任公约，并考察了美国、加拿大的船舶油污损害法律制度，，在此基础之上总结了船舶油污国际立法的特点和发展趋势。本文还介绍了有关国际公约主要国内立法下，船舶油污损害赔偿的范围。重点结合IOPC Fund的规定和索赔实践以及我国司法实践中认可的油污损害赔偿范围，讨论了我国建立船舶油污损害赔偿法律制度时应当规定的赔偿范围。本文还从建立我国船舶油污损害赔偿基金、建立船舶油污损害强制保险(财务保证)等方面，提出了完善我国船舶油污损害赔偿制度的设想，并就此提出了相关立法建议，以期对我国有关立法部门和政府决策部门有一定的参考作用，能够更有效的保护海洋环境的合理开发利用，保护船舶油污受害人的合法权益。
[Abstract]:Oil is the largest pollutant in the marine environment, and in the marine oil pollution, ship oil pollution accounts for the largest proportion. The consequences of ship oil pollution damage are very serious. With the development of economy in China, the amount of oil import increases year by year and the activities of transporting oil by sea become more and more frequent. The ship oil pollution damage has also become a major subject that our country must face. However, the related legal system of the ship oil pollution damage compensation in our country is not complete. In our country, we should strengthen the research on the related legal problems of the oil pollution damage compensation. It is of great practical significance. By comparing the international conventions with the domestic legislation of advanced countries, this paper summarizes the legal system of compensation for oil pollution damage from ships, and analyzes the nature of the liability for oil pollution damage of ships. The principle of liability and some problems that should be paid attention to in the system of compensation for oil pollution damage of ships in China. At the same time, this paper expounds the present situation of legislation of compensation for oil pollution damage of ships and the present situation of oil pollution damage of ships in China, and on the basis of investigation and statistics, The present situation and characteristics of oil pollution compensation for ships in China are analyzed, and some existing problems are put forward. This paper studies the international legal system of compensation for oil pollution damage and its latest legislative development, which is constituted by the Convention on Civil liability for Oil pollution damage and the Fund Convention. At the same time, it also introduces the Convention on Civil liability for Oil pollution damage, and examines the United States. On the basis of Canada's legal system of oil pollution damage from ships, the characteristics and development trend of international legislation on oil pollution from ships are summarized. The main domestic legislation of relevant international conventions is also introduced in this paper. The scope of compensation for oil pollution damage from ships. Combined with the provisions of IOPC Fund and the practice of claims, as well as the scope of compensation for oil pollution damage recognized in the judicial practice of our country, This paper discusses the scope of compensation that should be provided when establishing the legal system of compensation for oil pollution damage of ships in China. This paper also discusses the establishment of the compensation fund for oil pollution damage of ships in China, and the establishment of compulsory insurance (financial guarantee) for oil pollution damage of ships. This paper puts forward the idea of perfecting the system of compensation for oil pollution damage from ships in China, and puts forward some relevant legislative suggestions in order to provide some reference for the relevant legislative departments and government policy-making departments in our country. It can more effectively protect the reasonable exploitation and utilization of marine environment and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the victims of oil pollution.
【学位授予单位】：上海海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：D99;D912.6

【引证文献】