美国对华反倾销司法救济研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 03:01

本文选题：国际贸易法院　切入点：反倾销　出处：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着中国经济的快速增长，尤其是对美国出口额的逐年上升，美国越来越重视对中国企业的两反调查，2008年经济危机以来，贸易保护主义抬头，中国每年的遭受的反倾销调查无论是案件数量还是涉案总金额都已经位居世界第一，中国成为全球遭受反倾销困扰最严重的国家。美国是典型的三权分立国家，国际贸易法院虽然不是完全独立的司法机关，却是国会监督行政机关严格执行外贸领域法律的重要机构，国际贸易法院在法律允许的范围内对于行政机关的审查是中国企业在反倾销行政程序中失败后挽回损失最直接也是最有力的途径，从近年来国际贸易法院的判例可以看出，只要能够找准抗辩“切入点”，充分利用法律上的漏洞，合理运用程序规则所赋予的权利，可以大幅度降低终裁反倾销税率，减少美国反倾销程序对中国外贸产业的损害。笔者翻译并研究了2003年以来国际贸易法院网站上涉及中国的判例，并且结合从1789年以来美国在对外贸易领域相关的立法撰写此文，本文的研究路径主要是从中国企业面临的美国反倾销调查压力提出问题，对反倾销的研究必须从现实的中国企业所面临的实际问题出发，，得出的结论必须对中国企业有启发参考作用。本文运用反倾销法理论，研究美国对华反倾销的变化趋势，分析如何通过国际贸易法院进行司法救济，并阐述了司法救济应当从哪些“切入点”着手。全文除引言外，共分五个部分，三万七千余言，笔者虽无如椽巨笔，亦坚持点滴求实。第一部分：美国对华反倾销概述。这一部分概括地介绍了美国在近三十年来对中国进行反倾销的情况和变化趋势，美国对华反倾销从无到有，从少到多的变化辩证地反映了中国经济的腾飞，同时也说明了中国面临越发严峻的反倾销形势。第二部分：国际贸易法院在反倾销救济中的作用。这一部分介绍国际贸易法院在反倾销救济中的制约性作用和保护性作用，国际贸易法院是双刃剑，既要制约行政权力，又要保护国家利益，理解这一点有助于接下来研究哪些程序问题值得抗辩，哪些问题不用浪费力气。第三部分：在国际贸易法院诉讼程序中值得注意的抗辩“切入点”。这一部分阐述了在反倾销诉讼中应该从哪些方面入手进行抗辩，如前所述，国际贸易法院对国家利益有保护性作用，不合理的行政程序并不是一概否定，哪些错误应该否定存在一个法律的边界，笔者通过对“切入点”的研究试图界定这个边界的范围。第四部分：美国不承认中国市场经济地位对司法救济的影响，本章分析了市场经济地位对于中国反倾销救济的重要意义，笔者认为单纯探讨中国是否应该具有市场经济地位价值不大，但是如果能够通过这些不利影响指引中国企业在反倾销诉讼中回避某些问题以避免陷入不利的诉讼地位确是非常有价值的事情。第五部分：国际贸易法院判例对于司法救济的启示。这部分总结了笔者在分析案例时的一些心得体会，在具体案例中如何操作能够获得最佳效果，同时提出了一些前人没有关注的问题，比如法官的背景对反倾销救济的不利影响和应对方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of Chinese economy, especially exports to the United States in the United States increased year by year, more and more attention to the investigation of two anti China enterprises, since the 2008 economic crisis, trade protectionism, Chinese annual anti-dumping investigation of both the number of cases and the amount of money involved has been ranked first in the world, become China the global anti-dumping countries the most serious problems.
The United States is a typical country of three powers, the court of international trade is not entirely independent of the judicial organs, administrative supervision organs is the Congressional executive important organization foreign trade law strictly, the court of international trade within the scope of the law is the Chinese enterprises in the anti-dumping administrative procedures in the way to recoup their losses after the failure of the most direct and most powerful for administrative review, see from the recent international trade court case, as long as the defense to identify the "starting point", make full use of legal loopholes, the rational use of the rights conferred by the rules of procedure, can greatly reduce the final anti-dumping tax rate, reduce the United States anti-dumping procedures of foreign trade industry Chinese damage.
The translation and study of international trade website since 2003 to Chinese court case, and since 1789 the United States in the field of foreign trade related legislation in writing this article, in this paper the research is mainly from the China enterprises facing US anti-dumping investigation pressure problems, the practical problems of the research on anti dumping must be faced from the reality of the China enterprises, the conclusion must be instructive reference for Chinese enterprises.
This paper uses the theory of anti-dumping law, American anti-dumping trend research, through the analysis of how international trade court for judicial relief, and expounds the judicial relief should start from what the "starting point". In addition to the introduction, is divided into five parts, 37000 words, I have no pen, also insisted on dropping realistic.
The first part: the US anti-dumping overview. This part briefly introduced the United States in the past thirty years and the change trend of anti-dumping China, US anti-dumping from scratch, from less to more change reflects the dialectical Chinese economic development, but also shows the Chinese face more severe anti dumping situation.
The second part: the court of international trade in anti-dumping relief role. This part introduces the court of international trade in anti-dumping relief in the restrictive function and protective effect, court of international trade is a double-edged sword, not only to restrict administrative power, but also to protect the interests of the state, understand this point is helpful to the study of what procedures then it is worth defense, what problems do not waste energy.
The third part: it is worth noting that in the international trade court proceedings in the defense of the "starting point". This part expounds in anti-dumping litigation should be from the start of the defense, as mentioned earlier, the International Trade Court has protective effect on the national interests, the unreasonable administrative procedure is not totally deny, what the error should deny the existence of a legal boundary, the scope of "the starting point" the study tries to define this boundary.
The fourth part: the United States does not recognize the status of market economy China influence on judicial relief, this chapter analyzes the status of market economy is important for relief Chinese anti-dumping, the author thinks that only about China should have market economy status is of little value, but if we can through these adverse effects China guide enterprises in the anti-dumping litigation to avoid certain problems in order to avoid the adverse litigation status is indeed very valuable things.
The fifth part: the case of International Trade Court for judicial relief of the enlightenment. This part summarizes some experience of the author in the analysis of the case, the operation in the specific case, how to get the best results, and put forward some predecessors did not concern, such as the background of judge adverse effects and the judicial remedy.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.1

【参考文献】