国际人权两公约与我国宪法人权规定的比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 05:36

本文选题：宪法　切入点：国际人权公约　出处：《河北大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人权是每一个人所应该享有的权利。人权的发展是人类文明进步的一个重要标志,也是宪政国家的重要标志。在我国宪法是关于人权的根本法,以人权为切入点来研究宪法,更能抓住宪法的本质。我国政府于1997年和1998年先后签署了《经济、社会、文化权利国际公约》、《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》,全国人大常委会已经于2001年批准加入了前者。通过对我国宪法与国际人权两公约的相关规定进行比较研究,对于完善我国的宪政制度,更好地履行国际人权两公约有着重要意义。本文首先介绍了人权的基本理论问题,进而通过比较发现我国宪法与国际人权两公约在人权理念、权利主体、权利内容等方面的不同规定,但在人权内容以及人权的保障体系方面不存在根本的矛盾与冲突。近几十年来,我国的社会主义法律体系不断的完善,我国的人权事业得到长足发展。但是我们也应该看到,人权总是随着时代在发展的,我国受历史传统、经济发展水平等因素的制约,人权状况还存在不足之处。本文认为应从以下几方面进行完善:首先推进我国适用国际人权两公约的进程;其次,逐步充实和完善宪法和法律关于公民基本人权的规定,在宪法的权利内容上增加迁徙自由、罢工自由和沉默权等权利的规定;再次,应提高人们的权利意识,加强对公权力的限制;最后,要加快宪法司法适用的步伐和配套制度改革。随着我国和公民权利意识的不断提高和宪法的不断完善,我国将逐步成为民主法治的宪政国家。
[Abstract]:Human rights are the rights that every human being should enjoy. The development of human rights is an important symbol of the progress of human civilization and also an important symbol of a constitutional state. In our country, the Constitution is the fundamental law on human rights, and we study the Constitution from the point of view of human rights. To grasp the essence of the Constitution. On 1997 and 1998, the Chinese government signed the Economic, Social, The International Covenant on Cultural Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and political Rights, the standing Committee of the National people's Congress (NPC) has ratified the former on 2001. Through a comparative study of the relevant provisions of our Constitution and the International covenants on Human Rights, It is of great significance to perfect the constitutional system of our country and better fulfill the international covenants on human rights. Firstly, this paper introduces the basic theoretical problems of human rights, and then finds out that the two covenants on human rights are in the concept of human rights by comparing our constitution and international covenants on human rights. There are no fundamental contradictions and conflicts in the content of human rights and the protection system of human rights. In recent decades, the socialist legal system of our country has been continuously improved. The cause of human rights in China has made considerable progress. But we should also see that human rights are always developing with the times, and our country is constrained by historical traditions and the level of economic development. There are still shortcomings in the human rights situation. This paper holds that the following aspects should be improved: first, to promote the process of applying the International covenants on Human Rights in our country; secondly, to gradually enrich and improve the provisions of the Constitution and the law on the basic human rights of citizens. The right to freedom of movement, the freedom of strike and the right to silence should be added to the content of the Constitution; thirdly, people's awareness of the rights should be raised and restrictions on public rights should be strengthened. Finally, It is necessary to speed up the pace of the judicial application of the constitution and the reform of the supporting system. With the constant improvement of the awareness of civil rights and the continuous improvement of the constitution, our country will gradually become a constitutional state of democracy and rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D921;D998.2

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