《SPS协定》中临时措施研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 18:48

本文选题：《SPS协定》 + 临时措施　；参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济全球化进程的推进以及世界范围内食品安全问题的迭起,国际贸易中技术性贸易措施重新受到人们重视,尤其是《实施卫生与植物卫生措施协定》,该协定在规范贸易措施方面确有一定作用,但是近年来,转基因及核泄漏等新技术与风险不断出现,由于科学水平有限,此类新技术与风险的相关科学证据相对匮乏,风险评估难度较大,因而使得越来越多成员运用协定第5.7条规定的临时措施保护境内人类与动物健康。一方面,临时措施由于其适用的前提相对于常态下的SPS措施更为简便,即由于科学证据不充分,风险评估的要求较为简单,所以适用上更为灵活,对于风险能够更为迅速的防范;但是另一方面,也正是由于临时措施的实施过于简便,难免有部分成员利用临时措施制造贸易壁垒,对全球贸易自由化造成危害。可以说临时措施制度作为一种更为特别的贸易技术措施,具备保护人类健康免遭风险功能的同时也带有阻碍贸易自由化的副作用。并且由于临时措施相关规则的模糊性等诸多因素,成员必须从多渠道分析研究临时措施。中国作为贸易大国,且由于入世较晚以及科学技术水平有限,更有必要认真研究制度,合理运用临时措施来保护国民生命健康以及促进国际贸易发展。本文主要是对临时措施制度的适用条件以及相关规则与协定核心原则之间关系进行分析。通过梳理历年来WTO中有关临时措施的案例,动态研究临时措施的适用情况以及核心问题。并且试图通过对协定与我国制度的对接研究,提出我国今后应对临时措施制度的相关建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of economic globalization and world food safety problems occur repeatedly, technical barriers to trade in international trade to attention, especially the "Application of sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Agreement", the agreement in the standardization of trade measures has some effect, but in recent years, transgenic and other new technologies and nuclear leak the risk appears unceasingly, because scientific level is limited, the relevant scientific evidence of such new technology and risk is relatively scarce, risk assessment is difficult, thus making more and more members by article 5.7 of the agreement within the provisional measures to protect human and animal health. On the one hand, due to its application on the premise of interim measures relative to the normal SPS measures simple, that is due to insufficient scientific evidence, risk assessment requirements are relatively simple, so the application is more flexible, the risk can be more quickly The guard; but on the other hand, it is due to the implementation of provisional measures are too simple, it is inevitable that some members use temporary measures to create trade barriers, the harm to the global trade liberalization. It can be said that the system of interim measures as a more technical trade measures in particular, with the protection of human health from risk functions at the same time with side effects hinder trade liberalization. And because of the provisional measures related rules of many factors fuzzy, members must be studied from multiple sources. Chinese interim measures as a trade power, and because the WTO lately and the level of science and technology limited, is more necessary to study the system of rational use of temporary measures to protect the national life and health to promote the development of international trade. This paper is mainly between the applicable conditions of the system of Interim Measures and relevant rules and principles of relations into the core agreement Row analysis. By combing the cases of Interim Measures in WTO over the years, we dynamically studied the application and core issues of interim measures, and tried to put forward some suggestions for China to deal with the temporary measures in the future by studying the docking between the agreement and our system.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D997.1

【参考文献】