国际石油投资间接征收问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 00:27

本文选题：间接征收 + 国际石油投资　；参考：《中国政法大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来中国企业海外石油投资发展较快,为国家能源安全提供了重要保障,同时也创造较大经济效益。但回顾国际石油投资历史,东道国周期性的国有化措施一直是外国投资者利益的巨大威胁;近年来直接征收事件相对减少,而间接征收事件呈上升趋势,我国海外石油投资不可避免的受到了一定影响。本文试总结间接征收的认定标准和补偿标准,结合近年来东道国的具体规制措施进行分析,界定其是否构成间接征收,并进一步提出国家和企业防范和应对的建议。本文第一章介绍间接征收与国际石油投资。首先分别介绍间接征收的概念及分类,和国际石油投资的概况。着重介绍在国际石油投资领域发生直接征收、间接征收的历史和现状,剖析其的根源,分析对中国的影响。本文第二章总结间接征收的判定标准和补偿标准。间接征收的判定标准部分,总结两种重要理论,一是以政府行为性质作为判定标准,二是以效果和目的作为判定标准;并介绍在国际仲裁实践中的采用的判定方法。间接征收补偿标准部分,尝试将间接征收补偿标准问题,分为补偿原则和补偿基数两个问题,分别进行论述。本文第三章介绍近年来有争议的国际石油输入国的间接征收途径,包括合同强制变更,石油特别收益金,强制参股和强制代理。重点介绍合同强制变更的历史和根源,实施途径的基础、步骤和具有典型性的事件;最后以效果与目的兼顾标准界定其是否构成间接征收。另外介绍石油特别收益金问题,并分别分析厄瓜多尔政府和中国政府征收特别收益金的行为是否构成间接征收。本文第四章按国家和企业两个层次,分别提出对国际石油投资间接征收的防范措施和应对措施。国家层面建议明确海外石油投资的战略,以及强化海外石油投资保护措施。企业层面建议战略选择投资进入地区,加强政治风险的评估和监控,合理利用第三国与目标国家的双边投资条约。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the overseas oil investment of Chinese enterprises has developed rapidly, which provides an important guarantee for the national energy security and also creates great economic benefits.However, recalling the history of international oil investment, the periodic nationalization measures of the host country have been a great threat to the interests of foreign investors; in recent years, direct expropriation incidents have relatively decreased, while indirect expropriation incidents have shown an upward trend,China's overseas oil investment is inevitably affected.This paper tries to summarize the identification standards and compensation standards of indirect expropriation, analyze the specific regulatory measures of the host country in recent years, define whether they constitute indirect expropriation, and put forward further suggestions for the prevention and response of the state and enterprises.The first chapter introduces indirect expropriation and international oil investment.Firstly, it introduces the concept and classification of indirect expropriation, and the general situation of international oil investment.This paper mainly introduces the history and present situation of direct and indirect expropriation in the field of international oil investment, analyzes its root causes and its influence on China.Chapter two summarizes the judgment standard and compensation standard of indirect expropriation.In the part of the judgment standard of indirect expropriation, two important theories are summarized, one is to take the nature of government behavior as the criterion, the other is to regard the effect and purpose as the criterion, and to introduce the judgment methods adopted in the practice of international arbitration.In the part of indirect expropriation compensation standard, the problem of indirect expropriation compensation standard is divided into two problems: compensation principle and compensation base.The third chapter introduces the indirect expropriation approaches of the controversial international oil importing countries in recent years, including contract compulsory change, oil special income money, compulsory equity participation and compulsory agency.This paper mainly introduces the history and origin of compulsory change of contract, the basis, steps and typical events of the way of implementation, and finally defines whether it constitutes indirect expropriation according to the criterion of both effect and purpose.In addition, the paper introduces the problem of oil special income, and analyzes whether the special income collected by Ecuador government and Chinese government constitutes indirect levy.The fourth chapter puts forward the preventive measures and countermeasures of indirect expropriation of international oil investment according to the two levels of state and enterprise.At the national level, we recommend a clear strategy for overseas oil investment, as well as enhanced protection measures for overseas oil investment.At the enterprise level, it is suggested that investment should be selected strategically, political risk assessment and monitoring should be strengthened, and bilateral investment treaties between third countries and target countries should be reasonably utilized.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D996.4

【参考文献】