电信网互联互通若干法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 14:15

本文选题：互联互通 + 互联接入　；参考：《武汉大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：电信网互联互通是个技术性相对比较强的概念,要研究其法律问题并非易事。但研究互联互通法律问题是揭开电信法律问题重要的切入口。本文寻找到了揭示互联互通法律制度的三个重要法律问题,即互联接入、互联协议和互联争议解决法律问题。这三个问题并非相互孤立和割裂的,而是相互依存、具有一定内在逻辑联系的问题。互联接入是一切互联互通的前提,也是互联互通最本质的动作。互联协议则是实施互联互通的必备形式要件,一切互联互通发生的权利义务关系均在互联协议中体现。实施互联互通的过程不可避免地会发生互联争议,如何解决互联争议是阐述互联接入和互联协议之后必须面对的问题。作者结合了十几年的工作实践,抓住了互联接入、互联协议和互联争议解决这三个互相依存的法律问题进行深入研究,并提出了完善我国互联互通法律制度的相关建议。全文共分六个部分,引言和五章。引言部分主要介绍了本文选题的背景及意义、文献综述、研究的主要内容及写作难点。互联互通是电信网中最重要的概念之一。研究互联互通法律问题是研究电信网法律制度的重要切入点。国内外研究互联互通法律制度的文献不多,且均存在不够系统和深度不够的问题。在我国电信法尚未出台的现实背景下,研究互联互通法律制度并提出完善我国电信网互联互通法律制度的相关建议无疑具有非常重要的现实意义。本文主要采取了比较分析法、案例法、理论联系实际等方法,重点剖析了互联接入、互联协议和互联争议解决等三个法律问题。本文在资料收集和基础理论问题分析均存在不小的难度。第一章是“电信网互联互通基础理论问题研究”,详细分析了互联互通的定义及其重要作用,介绍了GATS框架下的《电信附件》、《基础电信协议》及《参考文件》等重要法律文件,提炼了合理非歧视的互联接入、市场开放原则、监管原则等互联互通的相关法律规范。作为国际电信服贸易的重要一环,互联互通最重要的两种表现形式是跨境服务和商业存在。因此本章还详细介绍了跨境服务与商业存在中的互联互通的相关问题,进一步从国际服务贸易的角度揭示互联互通的基本理论问题。第二章是“互联接入法律问题研究”。互联接入是研究互联互通法律制度的首要概念。本章在分析互联接入的内涵与外延的基础上,介绍了互联接入的强制接入和平等接入义务。从世界各国的法律规定看,强制实施互联接入义务主要是针对主导运营商而言。从法理基础看,主导运营商的强制互联接入义务主要源于关键设施原则,即占有主要基础电信设施的运营商,由于其强大的市场控制能力,法律便要求主导运营商无正当理由必须向其他非主导运营商提供互联接入,否则便要受到法律的制裁。这也是不对称管制政策的具体要求,即监管机构必须对市场上实力悬殊比较大的运营商采取不对称的管制措施,而强制要求主导运营商提供互联接入是最重要的举措。第三章是“互联协议法律问题研究”。互联协议是实施互联互通的必备形式要件。互联协议是一种特殊的合同,签约自由原则在互联协议法律制度中是受限制的。主导运营商基本上没有不签订互联协议的选择权。同时,依法成立的互联协议并不当然立即生效。大多数国家都规定互联协议须经监管机构批准方能生效。本章还论述了互联协议的三项特殊制度,即互联协议的标准文本制度、对外公开制度和内容申报制度。主导运营商不得随意变更协议内容,制定好的互联协议必须对社会公开,不得以商业秘密为由仅留存于协议方。对于确须保留的内容,必须事前向监管机构申报,经批准后方可作为商业秘密予以保留。最后,本章从现有的法律制度和司法实践论述了互联协议主要涉及到的民事责任、行政责任及国际法律责任。第四章是“互联争议解决的法律问题研究”。互联接入或者互联协议的实施过程中,不可避免地会出现争议。本章针对互联争议的解决探讨了管辖权、法律适用和举证责任等三个问题。出现互联争议时,争议方是先向监管机构申请裁决还是直接向法院起诉,各国规定均不大一致。大多数国家法律并未明确规定,但从司法实践看,多数争议方可以直接向法院提起诉讼。无论是法院还是监管机构在裁决互联争议时均可适用电信法律和反垄断法律。裁决争议最重要的是证据。按照正常的民事诉讼原则,应该是“谁主张谁举证”,但由于主导运营商掌握着重要的网络设施,因争议而涉及的几乎所有数据和材料都掌握在主导运营商手里,按照正常的举证原则,非主导运营商几乎无胜算的可能。因此,有必要引入举证责任倒置原则,才能有利于互联争议的解决,更好地保护非主导运营商的利益。第五章是“我国电信网互联互通法律制度的不足与完善”。本章主要介绍了我国电信网互联互通法律制度的现状与不足,虽有相关法律规范,但法律体系非常不完善,监管机构独立性不强,互联接入、互联协议和互联争议解决中的法律制度许多是空白。在此基础上,本章提出了完善我国互联互通法律制度的思路,建立以《电信法》为核心的电信法律体系,进一步明确既独立于企业又独立于政府的监管机构法律地位,引申关键设施原则科学界定主导运营商,建立互联协议的文本公开制度、内容申报制度等,明确生效须经批准,直接给予争议方向法院提起诉讼的选择权,引入举证责任倒置原则解决互联争议。
[Abstract]:The interconnectivity of telecommunication networks is a relatively strong concept , and it is not easy to study the legal issues . However , the study on the legal issues of interconnection is an important entry point for the discovery of the legal system of telecommunications . The three problems are not isolated and separated from each other , but also the most essential actions of interconnection . The interconnection agreement is a prerequisite for the interconnection of Internet access , interconnection agreement and interconnection dispute .

The full text is divided into six parts , preface and five chapters .

The introduction part mainly introduces the background and significance of this thesis , the literature review , the main contents of the research and the difficulties of writing . The research on the legal system of Internet and Internet is one of the most important concepts in the telecommunication network .

Chapter One is the basic theory of interconnection and communication of telecommunication network . The definition of interconnection and its important function are analyzed in detail . The relevant laws and regulations of interconnection access , market opening principle and supervision principle under the framework of GATS are introduced . As an important part of international telecommunication service trade , the two most important forms of interconnection are cross - border services and commercial presence . Therefore , this chapter also introduces the related problems of interconnection and communication in cross - border services and commercial presence , and further reveals the basic theory of Internet communication from the perspective of international service trade .

The second chapter is the study of interconnection access law . The interconnected access is the first concept to study the legal system of interconnection . In this chapter , the compulsory access and the equal access obligation of the interconnected access are introduced .

The interconnection agreement is a special contract , and the principle of freedom of contract is restricted in the legal system of interconnection agreement . It also discusses the three special systems of interconnection agreement , namely , the standard text system of interconnection agreement , the external public system and the content application system .

The fourth chapter is the study on the legal problems of interconnection dispute settlement . In the process of interconnection access or interconnection agreement , the dispute is inevitable . In this chapter , the author discusses the jurisdiction , the application of law and the burden of proof of proof for the settlement of the interconnected dispute . The most important evidence is that most of the disputes can bring suit directly to the court . However , it is necessary to introduce the principle of burden of proof , so that it is necessary to introduce the principle of the inversion of burden of proof . Therefore , it is necessary to introduce the principle of the inversion of burden of proof , so as to help the settlement of the interconnected dispute and protect the interests of the non - dominant operator .

The fifth chapter is the deficiency and perfection of the legal system of interconnectivity of telecommunication network in China . In this chapter , the author introduces the current situation and deficiency of the interconnectivity legal system of China ' s telecommunication network , but it has many legal norms , but the legal system is very imperfect , the independence of the supervising agency is not strong , the interconnected access , the interconnection agreement and the interconnected dispute settlement system are many blank .

【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D996.1

【参考文献】