北极生态环境保护法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 02:10

本文选题：北极地区 + 生态保护　；参考：《南昌大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前纵观现今北极主权问题的日益突出,各国对北极的争夺日益激烈的同时,北极以一个冰冷的地方,从无人问津到如今引起全球重点的关注,所遭到的生态环境保护的问题也是不容全人类的忽视。一方面,北极有丰富的自然资源及其重要的战略地位；另一方面北极脆弱的生态环境系统之保护问题应当引起高度关注,北极生态环境保护的法律制度也亟待完善。鉴于此,本论文将从以下四个方面阐述完善北极生态环境保护法律的必要性：第一部分主要介绍了北极区域生态环境系统的变化以及对全球的影响,包括北极地区碳循环和海洋生态环境系统所遭遇的变化。并提出了相关的由北极气候变化所引发出的相关法律问题,并简要分析了北极生态环境问题的原因,从而为下一步的阐述做好铺垫。第二部分分别从现有国际条约中与北极生态环境保护有关的法律制度、直接涉及北极国际条约以及文件中关于生态环境保护的内容、北极八国国内法中关于生态环境保护的规定来分析以及从欧盟北极政策中对北极生态环境保护的潜在影响,表现出北极在这方面法律上亟待完善的现实情况。第三部分从与北极生态环境保护有关的法律冲突问题着手,剖析在北极生态环境保护法律问题中传统条约冲突解决方法的局限性。并把国际法的不成体系性作为切入点来剖析与解决北极生态环境保护法律冲突的新思路,从而提出北极与生态环境保护相关法律冲突的解决构想。第四部分针对北极日益严重的生态问题提出自己关于北极生态环境保护法律实施路径的建议,具体包括对北极生态环境保护法律的实施框架、实施机构和资金来源的设想建议。北极拥有大量的自然资源,其绝佳的地理优势,可以方便航行,对于可能带来的巨大的经济利益和科研的价值,以及其所拥有的非凡军事战略意义更使其被各国激烈的争夺。但是更为紧要的是北极地区生态环境的保护,对于全球都是一个亟须重视的问题,所以对于北极生态环境保护法律的完善也是迫在眉睫的。
[Abstract]:At present, as the issue of Arctic sovereignty becomes increasingly prominent, the competition for the Arctic is becoming increasingly fierce. At the same time, the Arctic, in a cold place, has attracted global attention from no one to now. The problem of ecological environment protection is not to be ignored by all mankind. On the one hand, the Arctic has abundant natural resources and its important strategic position; on the other hand, the protection of the fragile ecological environment system in the Arctic should be highly concerned, and the legal system of the Arctic ecological environment protection should be urgently improved. In view of this, this paper will expound the necessity of perfecting the law of Arctic ecological environment protection from the following four aspects: The first part mainly introduces the changes of the ecological environment system in the Arctic region and its impacts on the whole world, including the carbon cycle in the Arctic region and the changes encountered by the marine ecological system. The related legal problems caused by Arctic climate change are put forward, and the reasons of Arctic ecological environmental problems are briefly analyzed, thus laying the groundwork for the further elaboration. The second part deals with the legal system related to the protection of the Arctic ecological environment from the existing international treaties, directly related to the Arctic international treaties and the contents of the documents on the protection of the ecological environment. Based on the analysis of the regulations on ecological environment protection in the eight Arctic countries and the potential impact of EU Arctic policy on the protection of the Arctic ecological environment, it shows that the Arctic needs to be perfected in this aspect of law. The third part analyzes the limitation of traditional treaty conflict in the legal problems of Arctic ecological environment protection from the point of view of the conflict of laws related to the protection of the Arctic ecological environment. Taking the fragmentation of international law as the starting point to analyze and resolve the legal conflict of ecological environment protection in the Arctic, this paper puts forward the idea of resolving the legal conflict between the Arctic and ecological environment protection. The fourth part puts forward some suggestions on the implementation path of Arctic ecological environment protection law in view of the increasingly serious ecological problems in the Arctic, including the framework of the implementation of the Arctic ecological environment protection law, the implementing agency and the source of funds. The Arctic has a large number of natural resources, its excellent geographical advantages, can facilitate navigation, the potential for the enormous economic benefits and scientific research value, as well as the extraordinary military strategic significance of its own, it has been fierce competition among countries. But what is more important is the protection of the ecological environment in the Arctic, which is an urgent problem for the whole world, so it is urgent to perfect the law of the protection of the ecological environment of the Arctic.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D996.9

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