国际法院程序和工作方法改革问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 07:32

本文选题：国际法院 + 程序　；参考：《外交学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：国际法院自成立以来为和平解决国际争端做出了巨大贡献。随着国际关系的复杂化，国际争端不断增加，将争端提交国际法院审理的当事国也不断增多，但国际法院现行的工作程序和方法已不能适应新时期的需求，司法效率低下，造成每年都有大量的案件积压待决，各国对国际法院的信心不足，迫切的需要改革。与此同时，国际上一些国际性或区域性的法院和法庭相继建立，例如国际海洋法法庭、国际刑事法院、欧洲人权法院等，对国际法院的权威也形成了一定的挑战。在联合国成立60周年之际，世界领导人呼吁要着力改革联合国，国际法院作为联合国六大机关之一不能不受其影响并随之而动。在这种背景下，改革的呼声越来越强烈。国际法院的改革是通过修正《国际法院规约》、《国际法院规则》还有颁布和修正《实践指导》来完成的。由于《规约》是《联合国宪章》的组成部分，其修正需要遵循《宪章》严苛的修正程序，难度极大，，因此，国际法院的改革只能向着不修正《规约》的方向进行。国际法院的改革实践包括对《规则》进行了4次修正，颁布了13条《实践指导》以及对《实践指导》第3条、第6条的修正。国际法院的改革，有利于提高国际法院的地位、加强国际法院的作用。由于历史原因，我国对国际法院一直持谨慎态度，至今尚未利用过国际法院解决与他国之间的争端。但国际法院在发展过程中不断的完善自身的工作程序和方法，越来越多的发展中国家利用国际法院解决争端。因此，我国应该转变观念，采取积极的态度，参与到国际法院的改革活动中来。文章将通过对国际法院相关案例的研究，探讨国际法院在其工作程序和工作方法上存在的问题和已经实施的改革措施，并在此基础上探究进一步改革的可能性和具体措施。
[Abstract]:Since its establishment , the International Court of Justice has made a great contribution to the peaceful settlement of international disputes . With the complexity of international relations , the increasing international disputes and the increasing number of States parties that have submitted disputes to the International Court of Justice , the current working procedures and methods of the International Court of Justice have been unable to meet the needs of the new period , and the judicial efficiency is low , resulting in a large backlog of cases each year , and the lack of confidence in the International Court of Justice and the urgent need for reform .

At the same time , a number of international or regional courts and tribunals have been established successively , such as the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea , the International Criminal Court , the European Court of Human Rights and the like , and have created a certain challenge to the authority of the International Court of Justice . On the occasion of the sixtieth anniversary of the founding of the United Nations , world leaders called for an effort to reform the United Nations and that the International Court of Justice , as one of the six organs of the United Nations , cannot be affected and moved . In this context , the voice of reform is growing stronger .

The reform of the International Court of Justice has been carried out by amending the Statute of the International Court of Justice , the Rules of the International Court of Justice and the promulgation and amendment of the Charter of the United Nations .

In the light of the historical reasons , my country has been cautious about the International Court of Justice and has not yet used the International Court of Justice to resolve disputes with other States . However , in the course of development , the International Court of Justice has continuously improved its working procedures and methods , and more and more developing countries have used the International Court of Justice to resolve the dispute . Therefore , our country should change the concept and take a positive attitude to participate in the reform activities of the International Court of Justice . This article will explore the problems and the reform measures already implemented by the International Court of Justice in its working procedures and methods of work and explore the possibility and concrete measures for further reform .

【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D99

【参考文献】