WTO体制下中国市场经济地位法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 01:08

本文选题：WTO + 市场经济地位　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：市场经济地位问题长期困扰着我国企业的出口。一些国家以我国不是市场经济为由,在反倾销中对我国企业出口产品采用替代国计算方法,使得产品倾销更加容易被认定,给企业带来很大的损失,影响了我国对外贸易的发展。在GATT/WTO框架中,将市场经济地位与反倾销联系起来的做法并没有明确的依据。因此,一些国家在国内法中将其作出明确规定,在反倾销调查中使用非市场经济规则的行为是不合理的,缺乏确定的法律依据,给多边贸易体制造成了破坏。2016年12月11日,《中国加入议定书》中第15条(a)款(ii)项到期,意味着WTO成员国应当停止在对华反倾销调查中适用替代国方法来计算产品正常价值的做法。然而,欧盟、美国、日本等国家却以不认可我国的市场经济为由拒绝履行WTO条约义务,继续适用替代国方法。欧美国内法中的市场经济标准本身就存在问题,其对我国市场经济的判断也是不准确的,而且欧美在反倾销调查中适用非市场经济规则时往往滥用自由裁量权,对我国企业实行不公平待遇。我国有必要采取措施促使这些国家履行国际法义务,维护自身利益。解决我国的市场经济问题需要政府和企业的彼此协作。我国政府可以通过外交谈判、WTO争端解决机制等手段积极推进外国尤其是欧美对我国市场经济地位的承认,积极寻求市场经济地位。企业要主动提升自身的制度和管理,努力与国际标准接轨,增加与国外同行业以及进口商的联系,在反倾销调查中与国外调查机关充分沟通,争取企业单独税率并努力获得更加广泛的行业认同,同时也要做好反倾销应诉的准备。
[Abstract]:The problem of market economy status has been puzzling the export of Chinese enterprises for a long time. Some countries, citing that China is not a market economy, adopt the surrogate country calculation method for our enterprises' export products in anti-dumping, which makes the dumping of products easier to identify and brings great losses to the enterprises. It affects the development of China's foreign trade. In the framework of GATT/WTO, there is no clear basis for linking market economy status with anti-dumping. As a result, some States have made it clear in their domestic laws that the use of non-market economic rules in anti-dumping investigations is unreasonable and lacks a firm legal basis. The damage done to the multilateral trading system. On 11 December 2016, Article 15 (a) of the Protocol on China's accession expired, This means that WTO member countries should stop using the surrogate country method to calculate the normal value of products in anti-dumping investigations against China. However, the European Union, the United States, Japan and other countries refuse to fulfill their WTO treaty obligations because they do not recognize China's market economy, and continue to apply the surrogate country method. The standard of market economy in the domestic law of Europe and the United States has its own problems, and its judgment on the market economy of our country is also inaccurate. Moreover, the United States and the United States often abuse their discretion when applying the rules of non-market economy in anti-dumping investigations. Unfair treatment should be given to Chinese enterprises. It is necessary for us to take measures to urge these countries to comply with their obligations under international law and to safeguard their own interests. Solving our country's market economy problem needs the cooperation of government and enterprise. Our government can actively promote the recognition of China's market economy status by means of diplomatic negotiation and WTO dispute settlement mechanism, especially in Europe and the United States, and actively seek market economy status. Enterprises should take the initiative to upgrade their own system and management, strive to conform to international standards, increase contacts with their foreign counterparts and importers, and communicate fully with foreign investigative authorities in anti-dumping investigations. Strive for a separate tax rate and strive for wider industry recognition, but also prepare for anti-dumping.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D996.1

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