论国际组织与成员国的责任划分

发布时间：2018-05-13 21:10

本文选题：国际组织责任条款草案 + 国际责任　；参考：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国际组织的不断发展,其在国际舞台上扮演着愈加重要的角色。在国际组织参与国际事务,发挥其积极作用的同时,也产生了一些新的问题。尤其在与国际组织责任相关的领域内,国际组织与其成员国之间的责任区分问题需要加以进一步探讨,否则将在理论上和实践中产生一定的困难。在已经存在的案例中,由于国际组织与其成员国的责任划分标准的模糊而导致的困难存在多种情形,例如,国际组织与成员国之间对责任的相互推诿、责任归属难以确定,以及对人权保护的冲击。这些无疑既不利于国际法的发展,同样也是国际社会的不稳定因素。尤其是在国际组织不断深入参与国际事务的这一大背景下,这一问题显得愈加重要。因此本文试图就国际组织与其成员国之间的责任承担问题进行探讨,对现存制度进行分析,指出现存制度的不足,并尝试提出解决方法。本文以大量权威材料为基础,包括联合国大会、安全理事会、国际法委员会的文件及报告,国际法院、常设国际法院、欧洲人权法院、国际刑事法院、国际商会等国际司法和仲裁机构的判决或裁决,英国、瑞士等国内法院的判决,以及专家学者的著作。通过对上述材料的分析和对比,进而探讨国际组织与成员国责任的划分问题。通过上述论证过程可以发现,在现今国际组织及其成员国的责任划分问题上,通常情况下国际组织承担独立责任,在一些特殊情况下,成员国应当承担国际责任。但是,当前理论存在一定的缺陷,可能导致以下问题:其一,国际组织与成员国之间责任的相互推诿;其二,责任归属的难以确定;其三,对人权保护产生冲击。针对以上问题,本文尝试提出对现存国际法内容的解释和细化以及减少成员国承担责任的局限性两个解决方案并加以论证。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of international organizations, they play an increasingly important role on the international stage. While international organizations participate in international affairs and play an active role, some new problems arise. Especially in the field related to the responsibility of international organizations, the distinction between the responsibility of international organizations and its member States needs to be further explored, otherwise, there will be some difficulties in theory and practice. In existing cases, difficulties arising from the ambiguity of the criteria for the division of responsibility between an international organization and its member States exist in a variety of situations, such as the equivocation of responsibility between international organizations and member States, and the difficulty of determining the attribution of responsibility. And the impact on the protection of human rights. These are not only unfavorable to the development of international law, but also the instability of the international community. Especially against the background of international organizations participating in international affairs, this issue becomes more and more important. Therefore, this paper attempts to discuss the responsibility between international organizations and its member states, analyzes the existing systems, points out the shortcomings of the existing systems, and tries to put forward solutions. This paper is based on a wealth of authoritative material, including documents and reports of the United Nations General Assembly, the Security Council, the International Law Commission, the International Court of Justice, the permanent Court of International Justice, the European Court of Human Rights, the International Criminal Court, Judgments or rulings of international judicial and arbitration institutions such as the International Chamber of Commerce, judgments of domestic courts such as the United Kingdom, Switzerland, and works of experts and scholars. Through the analysis and comparison of the above materials, the division of responsibility between international organizations and member states is discussed. Through the above argumentation process, it can be found that, in the problem of the division of responsibility of international organizations and their member States, the international organizations usually bear independent responsibility, and in some special cases, the member States should bear international responsibility. However, there are some defects in the current theory, which may lead to the following problems: first, the responsibility of international organizations and member States shirk each other; second, the attribution of responsibility is difficult to determine; third, impact on the protection of human rights. In view of the above problems, this paper tries to put forward two solutions to explain and refine the content of existing international law and to reduce the limitation of the responsibility of member states.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D993.9

【相似文献】