美元财政发行行为之国际经济法学分析

发布时间：2018-05-25 18:47

本文选题：财政发行行为 + 国际货币权　；参考：《湘潭大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：2008年从美国爆发的次贷危机迅速发展成为蔓延全球的金融危机,为了应对金融危机,美国政府实行了量化宽松的货币政策,通过财政发行美元来救济风暴中的金融企业。美元的财政发行行为是美国量化宽松货币政策的表现形式。从金融危机爆发以来,美国采取了两轮量化宽松的货币政策。第一轮量化宽松政策,美联储创造了超过一万亿的美元储备,而从2010年11月开始的第二次量化宽松政策(QE2)则是计划到2011年6月底前,由美联储购买6000亿的美国国债。美国政府的这样的救市措施实质损害到了持有美元及美元财产持有人的利益。但是由于传统民法理论认为:货币是属于财产权的范畴,其流通转让是财产权利的让弃。而我们认为,美国财政发行的货币不仅仅是民法范畴内的货币,还是国际经济(金融)法上的世界货币,它也有其属于国际经济法的权利——国际货币权,涉及到关于剩余价值的分享权利,是以货币形态存在的资本,在其尚不稀缺的情形下,有权参与剩余价值的利益以及增值利益的分配权利。即主权货币成为世界货币的时候,不仅有民法上的相关财产权利,而且还拥有国际经济(金融)法上的保值增值权利。面对美国的滥用其主权货币地位的行为,目前所采取的措施归纳起来有三点:其一为国际货币基金组织的内部制约,通过国际货币基金组织的改革,减少美国对国际货币基金组织的干涉;其二为欧元的竞争,通过国际货币市场上对欧元竞争的保护,促进欧元的发展壮大来制衡美元的霸权地位;其三则是中国央行行长周小川提出的在国际货币基金组织的特别提款权(SDR)基础上发展超主权储备货币制度的构想。但是以上措施都存在自身的不足,我们认为建立起以经济法为主导的国际经济新模式,明确国际增量利益的增涨和分配才是解决滥用货币主权的最终途径。
[Abstract]:The subprime mortgage crisis that broke out in the United States in 2008 developed rapidly into a global financial crisis. In order to cope with the financial crisis, the United States government implemented the monetary policy of quantitative easing and issued US dollars to relieve financial enterprises in the storm. Dollar financial issuance is the form of quantitative easing monetary policy in the United States. Since the outbreak of the financial crisis, the United States has adopted two rounds of quantitative easing monetary policy. In the first round of quantitative easing, the Fed created more than $1 trillion in reserves, while QE2, which began in November 2010, plans to buy 600 billion U.S. Treasuries by the end of June 2011. The U.S. government's rescue measures have substantially hurt holders of dollars and dollar assets. But because the traditional civil law theory thinks: the currency belongs to the property right category, its circulation transfer is the property right abdication. And we think that the money issued by the United States is not only the currency in the civil law, but also the world currency in the international economic (financial) law. It also has its rights under international economic law-the right to international money. When it comes to the right to share surplus value, it is the capital in the form of money. Under the condition that it is not scarce, it has the right to participate in the benefit of surplus value and the right to distribute the value added. When the sovereign currency becomes the world currency, it not only has the property rights in civil law, but also has the right to maintain and increase value in international economic (financial) law. In the face of the abuse by the United States of its sovereign monetary status, there are three main points in the current measures: first, the internal constraints of the International Monetary Fund and the adoption of the reform of the International Monetary Fund. The second is the competition of the euro, the protection of the euro competition in the international money market, and the promotion of the development of the euro to counterbalance the hegemonic position of the dollar. The third is the idea of developing a super-sovereign reserve currency system based on the International Monetary Fund's Special drawing Rights (SDR) proposed by China's central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan. However, the above measures have their own shortcomings. We believe that the ultimate way to solve the abuse of monetary sovereignty is to establish a new model of international economy dominated by economic law and to clarify the increase and distribution of international incremental interests.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：F817.12;D996.1

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