论中拉在航运业碳减排领域的国际立法合作

发布时间：2018-05-27 10:29

本文选题：航运业 + 碳减排　；参考：《拉丁美洲研究》2017年01期

【摘要】：国际航运业碳减排立法发展的主要成果是在2011年通过修订《国际防治船舶造成污染公约》附件六(MARPOL Annex VI),对国际航运业碳减排规定了技术和营运的措施,并于2014年和2016年再次进行了修订,进一步扩大了技术措施的适用范围并规定了强制性的排放数据收集要求。在立法过程中国际社会面临的最大挑战是如何应对发展中国家(包括方便旗发展中国家)与发达国家在是否适用"共同但有区别的责任原则"(CBDR原则)方面的利益对立。中国的基本立场是在航运业碳减排立法中适用CBDR原则,但中国面临发展中国家地位受质疑、国际话语权缺失、支持力量薄弱、观点缺乏法理支撑、不得不适用MARPOL Annex VI的矛盾态度等障碍;主要拉美国家与中国的基本立场相似,但也存在国力薄弱、资金和技术力量不足、缺乏国际话语权等问题。中拉双方在航运业碳减排立法领域的合作基础深厚,但合作的深度和广度有待发掘,应当在国际组织、区域及个别国家范围内开展合作。
[Abstract]:The main result of the development of international shipping industry carbon abatement legislation is that in 2011, through the revision of Annex VI of the International Convention for the Prevention and Control of pollution from ships, MARPOL Annex VI has stipulated technical and operational measures to reduce carbon emissions in the international shipping industry. They were revised again in 2014 and 2016 to further expand the scope of technical measures and provide for mandatory emission data collection requirements. The biggest challenge facing the international community in the legislative process is how to cope with the conflict between the interests of developing countries (including flag of convenience developing countries) and developed countries in the application of the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and the principle of CBDR. China's basic position is to apply the CBDR principle to the shipping industry's carbon abatement legislation. However, China faces challenges to its status as a developing country, lack of international voice, weak support, and lack of legal support. The main Latin American countries share similar basic positions with China, but there are also problems such as weak national strength, insufficient funds and technology, and lack of international discourse power. The cooperation between China and Latin America in the field of carbon abatement legislation in shipping industry has a deep foundation, but the depth and breadth of the cooperation need to be explored, which should be carried out in international organizations, regions and individual countries.
【作者单位】：厦门大学南海研究院;
【分类号】：D996.9

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