《联合国反腐败公约》框架下检察机关预防权研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 20:07

本文选题：预防权 + 职务犯罪　；参考：《湖南大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：预防职务犯罪与腐败是世界各国共同面临的难题。腐败不仅阻碍经济的发展，损害政府的威信，而且对国家的稳定构成潜在的威胁，随着经济全球化和区域一体化的进程，腐败犯罪越发呈现出有组织、跨国化的趋势。加强国际反腐败司法协作以遏制腐败，成为各国反腐败的共同愿望和迫切要求，于是《联合国反腐败公约》这一全球性的反腐败法律文件应运而生了。我国政府已于2003年12月10日签署了该公约。为适应《公约》的要求，我国先后制定和修改了一系列涉及反腐败的法律法规，但至今尚无预防和惩治职务犯罪的专门立法，使得相当一部分严重危害社会的行为没有被规定为犯罪，，查处职务犯罪的法律手段仍存欠缺，预防和惩治职务犯罪的法律制度还不够完善。这就需要我们正视其中存在的问题并加以完善。本文在吸收国内外现有反腐败法学理论成果的基础上，借鉴《联合国反腐败公约》的若干法律机制和其他国家的先进司法经验，就如何在职务犯罪预防中应用预防权进行了深入探讨。本研究首先对职务犯罪预防权相关理论进行了阐述，包括腐败与职务犯罪的概念与特征、职务犯罪预防的特征与历史经验、预防权的基本理论与要素构成；然后对《公约》中对预防权的规定及其在各国的应用进行了总结与分析，并以英国、美国和新加坡为例，介绍了国外预防职务犯罪的成功经验，第四章探讨了我国职务犯罪预防的现状与存在的问题，对《公约》在我国的应用及其障碍，对我国职务犯罪预防的影响，我国职务犯罪预防权应用的现状与问题进行了分析，最后结合《公约》要求，从法制建设、机构建设、预防建议权、预防检察权、预防审查等方面，提出了完善我国预防权的对策建议。
[Abstract]:Prevention of duty crime and corruption is a common problem all over the world. Corruption not only hinders the economic development, damages the authority of the government, but also poses a potential threat to the stability of the country. With the process of economic globalization and regional integration, the corruption crime is becoming more and more organized and transnational. Strengthening the international judicial cooperation against corruption to curb corruption has become the common desire and urgent demand of all countries in the fight against corruption, so the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC), a global anti-corruption legal document, emerged as the times require. My Government signed the Convention on 10 December 2003. In order to meet the requirements of the Convention, China has successively formulated and amended a series of laws and regulations relating to the fight against corruption, but there is no special legislation to prevent and punish job-related crimes. So that a considerable number of serious harm to society behavior has not been prescribed as a crime, the legal means to investigate and deal with job-related crimes are still lacking, and the legal system to prevent and punish job-related crimes is not perfect. This requires us to face up to the existing problems and improve them. On the basis of absorbing the existing theories of anti-corruption law at home and abroad, this paper draws lessons from the legal mechanisms of the United Nations Convention against Corruption and the advanced judicial experience of other countries. This paper discusses how to apply the right of prevention in the prevention of duty crime. At first, this study expounds the relevant theories of the right to prevent duty crime, including the concept and characteristics of corruption and duty crime, the characteristics and historical experience of the prevention of duty crime, the basic theory and essential elements of the right of prevention. Then it summarizes and analyzes the provisions of the Convention on the right to prevention and its application in various countries, and takes the United Kingdom, the United States and Singapore as examples to introduce the successful experiences of foreign countries in the prevention of job-related crimes. The fourth chapter discusses the present situation and existing problems of the prevention of job-related crimes in China, analyzes the application of the Convention in China and its obstacles, the impact on the prevention of job-related crimes in China, and the current situation and problems of the application of the right to prevent the crime of duty in China. Finally, according to the requirements of the Convention, the author puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for perfecting the right of prevention in China from the aspects of legal system construction, institution building, right of advice for prevention, power of procuratorial power of prevention, and examination of prevention and so on.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D997.9;D926.3

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